Indigenous knowledge and use of lichens by the lichenophilic communities of the Nepal Himalaya

Devkota, Shiva; Chaudhary, Ram Prasad; Werth, Silke; Scheidegger, Christoph

doi:10.1186/s13002-017-0142-2

Cited by 60 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Mandarin to serve as translators. The intentional sampling method [34], snowball sampling method [35], participatory observation method, and questionnaire survey method [36] were used to collect the data. The interviewee questionnaire is shown in Table 2.…”

Section: Yuanyang County (22°49′-23°19′ N; 102°27′-103°13′ E) and Jinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality Blues: An Assessment of Cultural and Chemical Factors Used to Define Indigo Quality in China

Shi¹,

Wang²,

Li³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The appearance of synthetic indigo has caused most people to forget the past brilliance of natural indigo. However, in parts of southern China, the folk still use and trade in natural indigo paste. The aims of this study were to i) document the traditional knowledge and experience of how people identify the quality of indigo paste and ii) explore the rationality of the quality judgment index used by local people.Method: We interviewed 283 traditional indigo paste artisans in 3 markets and 15 villages in Guizhou, Yunnan, and Fujian Provinces. Frequency of citation (FC), Mention index (QI), and Fidelity level (FL) of each indigo paste quality judgment index were calculated to determine the most commonly used, most recognized, and most important quality judgment index. A quantitative study was conducted on 21 indigo paste samples of different quality grades using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD), an acidity meter, and particle size analyzer. The relationship between the content of the effective components, pH, and particle size of the indigo paste and quality was explored. Results: The people divided indigo paste into five quality grades i.e., best, good, general, poor, and worst. Four main quality judgment indices were color, taste, touch, and dyeing ability. Among all study areas, color was the most commonly used, most important, and most recognized index. Effective ingredient content and pH differed significantly with different quality graded indigo pastes, but there was no significance difference between particle size and quality. In addition to indigo, indirubin played an important role in identifying the quality of indigo paste.Conclusion: Our study confirmed that the quality of indigo paste could be evaluated using the four indices (color, taste, touch, and dyeing ability). The people used indigo and indirubin content together to determine the quality of the indigo paste, while synthetic indigo is determined by indigo content only. The simple knowledge and experience of traditional folk has guiding significance for the modern development of indigo paste production.

show abstract

Section: Yuanyang County (22°49′-23°19′ N; 102°27′-103°13′ E) and Jinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality Blues: An Assessment of Cultural and Chemical Factors Used to Define Indigo Quality in China

Shi¹,

Wang²,

Li³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus far, 465 species of lichen have been identified in Nepal [13]; nevertheless, there has been no study of the diversity of lichenassociated bacteria or their PKS and NRPS genes. Notably, lichen flora, market potential, and various activities (antioxidant, antimicrobial, and toxicity) were reported regarding lichens [14,15]. Other lichen-associated bacteria have been reported as examples of bacterial diversity [16], as sources of novel metabolites [6], and as samples for genome analysis [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Draft genome analysis of antimicrobial Streptomyces isolated from Himalayan lichen

Kim¹,

Han²,

Lamichhane³

et al. 2019

Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There have been several studies regarding lichen-associated bacteria obtained from diverse environments. Our screening process identified 49 bacterial species in two lichens from the Himalayas: 17 species of Actinobacteria, 19 species of Firmicutes, and 13 species of Proteobacteria. We discovered five types of strong antimicrobial agent-producing bacteria. Although some strains exhibited weak antimicrobial activity, NP088, NP131, NP132, NP134, and NP160 exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against all multidrug-resistant strains. Polyketide synthase (PKS) fingerprinting revealed results for 69 of 148 strains; these had similar genes, such as fatty acid-related PKS, adenylation domain genes, PfaA, and PksD. Although the association between antimicrobial activity and the PKS fingerprinting results is poorly resolved, NP160 had six types of PKS fingerprinting genes, as well as strong antimicrobial activity. Therefore, we sequenced the draft genome of strain NP160, and predicted its secondary metabolism using antiSMASH version 4.2. NP160 had 46 clusters and was predicted to produce similar secondary metabolites with similarities of 5-100%. Although NP160 had 100% similarity with the alkylresorcinol biosynthetic gene cluster, our results showed low similarity with existing members of this biosynthetic gene cluster, and most have not yet been revealed. In conclusion, we expect that lichen-associated bacteria from the Himalayas can produce new secondary metabolites, and we found several secondary metabolite-related biosynthetic gene clusters to support this hypothesis.

show abstract

“…Lichen forming fungus produce a wide range of extrolites (secondary metabolites) and whole lichens have had several folk applications as dyes, food, and health-promoting teas by herbalism, Indian Ayurveda medicine and Tradicional Chinese Medicine [1][2][3][4]. Many of the interesting lichen substances are aromatic polyketides [5] with marked antioxidative properties [6] conferring: allelopathy properties against bacteria [7][8][9] and fungi [10,11] and enabling specific pharmacological applications as photoprotection [12,13] cardioprotection [14] neuroprotection [15] antiviral [16] and antitumoral applications [9,17] in mammals by modulating intracellular concentration of hydrogen peroxide [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemosyndrome Variation in Mycobiont Culture and Thallus of <em>Parmelina carporrhizans</em> and <em>Parmelina quercina</em>

Alors¹,

Divakar²,

Anjuli³

et al. 2017

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:We cultured Parmelina carporrhizans and P. quercina in Corn Meal Agar and 0.2% glucose Malt Yeast Agar for 160 days. Chemosyndrome of natural thalli and mycobiont cultures were analyzed by HPLC. Lecanoric acid, atranorin, chloratranorin and ergosterol were detected in P. carporrhizans thalli, while lecanoric acid, chloratranorin and aliphates were found in P. quercina thalli. The secondary methabolites pattern between thalli and mycobiont culture was completely different in both species. Both species secreted the phenalenone myeloconone C in culture media and was also detected in P. quercina mycobiont aggregates. Interestingly, the phenolic compounds produced by the mycobiont culture of P. carporrhizans are related to those produced by natural thallus by the same biosynthetic pathway, while the chemosyndrome of P. quercina mycobiont implies switch of biosynthetic pathway from acetate-polymalonate pathway to shikimic acid pathway, with pulvinic acid as major compound of mycobiont culture. The role of Myelochonone C, confluentic acid and pulvinic acid produced by mycobiont culture is discussed as possible adaptive vantage in field as photoprotective agent or as byproduct result of stressing artificial culture conditions.

show abstract

Indigenous knowledge and use of lichens by the lichenophilic communities of the Nepal Himalaya

Cited by 60 publications

References 45 publications

Quality Blues: An Assessment of Cultural and Chemical Factors Used to Define Indigo Quality in China

Quality Blues: An Assessment of Cultural and Chemical Factors Used to Define Indigo Quality in China

Draft genome analysis of antimicrobial Streptomyces isolated from Himalayan lichen

Chemosyndrome Variation in Mycobiont Culture and Thallus of <em>Parmelina carporrhizans</em> and <em>Parmelina quercina</em>

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About