Indigenous knowledge system for treatment of trypanosomiasis in Kaduna state of Nigeria

Atawodi, Sunday E.; Ameh, D. A.; Ibrahim, S.; Andrew, J.N; Nzelibe, Humphrey Chukwuemeka; Onyike, Elewechi; Anigo, Kola Matthew; Abu, E A; James, Dorcas Bolanle; Njoku, G. C.; Sallau, Abdullahi Balarabe

doi:10.1016/s0378-8741(01)00351-8

Cited by 114 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This confirmed the use of this plant in African folkloric medicine to treat African trypanosomiasis and other diseases. [95][96][97] The isolated compounds displayed antitrypanosomal activities, with IC50 values of 10.29 and 17.60 μM for compounds 17 and 18, respectively. Although, the compounds showed low selectivity indices to HeLa cells (e.g.…”

Section: Aporphinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compounds from African Medicinal Plants with Activities against Protozoal Diseases: Schistosomiasis, Trypanosomiasis and Leishmaniasis

Cv¹,

Ntie‐Kang²,

Sh.³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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An absolute configuration of 5R seems to decrease activity of the compound IntroductionProtozoa may be considered as microscopic, essentially single-celled, eukaryotic organisms that are free-living or parasitic (obtaining their food by eating other organisms or their products) in nature. Parasitic protozoal diseases continue to be a cause of considerable morbidity and mortality globally. 1,2Parasitic protozoal diseases include malaria, 3,4 trypanosomiasis (African sleeping sickness and Chagas disease), 5-7 leishmaniasis 8 and schistosomiasis. 9,10 They threaten almost one-third of the world's population, the most numerous incidents being recorded in over 100 Tropical and developing countries and territories, Figure 1. 11,12 Malaria, for example, was reported by the WHO, to be responsible for approximately 214 million sickness cases and 438,000 deaths globally in 2017. 13 The African region recorded the most death-related cases, especially amongst infants below the age of 5 and pregnant women. Schistosomiasis, caused by parasites of the Schistosoma genus are responsible for about 200 million sickness cases and about 280,000 death-related incidents annually worldwide.9,10,14 Only one drug (praziquantel) has been proven to be effective in the treatment of human schistosomiasis, with no vaccine available or in development so far.15-21 Serious concerns about drug selectivity and resistance were raised in 2013 when over 30 million people were treated in Sub-Saharan Africa. 20 Moreover, observed resistance and reduced efficiency of praziquantel in laboratory strains have prompted the search for alternative therapeutic strategies. Trypanosomiasis, which represents several diseases caused by parasites of the genus Trypanosoma, is also of interest. 5,27,29 This disease, which is much arguably the most important disease of man and domesticated animals, accounts for over 8 million reported annual cases globally, especially in the tropical regions of Latin America and Africa. 30,31 Although the present number of cases seems negligible on a worldwide scale, great socioeconomic effects on the endemic areas by this disease are forecast if inadequate attention (both at the communal, national, and international levels) is not given. 7,29,[32][33][34] Leishmaniasis is caused by parasites of the Leishmania type, which is also transmitted by certain types of sandflies. 35,36 The diseases are reported by the WHO to be responsible for about 1 million new cases leading to approximately 30,000 deaths annually on a global scale. The major cause is linked to environmental changes A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C TArticle history:English abstract: Parasitic diseases continue represent a threat on a global scale, particularly among the poorest countries in the world. This is particularly because of the absence of vaccines, and in some cases, resistance against available drugs, currently being used for their treatment. In this review emphasis is laid on natural products and scaffolds from African medicinal plants (AMPs) for lead drug di...

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Section: Aporphinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compounds from African Medicinal Plants with Activities against Protozoal Diseases: Schistosomiasis, Trypanosomiasis and Leishmaniasis

Cv¹,

Ntie‐Kang²,

Sh.³

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Due to financial constraints, easy inaccessibility and limited availability of affordable conventional pharmaceutical medicines in third world regions, a high percentage of African population are using complementary and alternative medicine as the only treatment [8,9] and this justifies the frequent use of medicinal Annona senegalensis plant in many countries which it grows wildly. Tinea Versicolor (also known as dermatomycosis furfuracea, pityriasis versicolor, or Tinea flava) is one of the most common skin fungal infections found in East African regions particularly the coastal regions or in hot and humid climates or sometimes on those who sweat profusely.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Anti-Fungal Activity of Annona senegalensis Plant Parts on Malassezia globosa

Anthony¹,

Саид²,

Hamisi³

et al. 2017

Nat Prod Chem Res

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The pondered parts (mixture of fresh leaves, twigs & soft stem barks and soft root extract) of Annona senegalensis plant have been used as ethno-medicine for treating patients suffering from tinea versicolor. The antifungal activities of dichloromethane and methanol (1:1), methanol, water, acetone, ethanol, ether and chloroform extracts of Annona senegalensis (Annonaceae) parts were investigated and primarily assessed against cultured Malassezia globosa fungus isolated from willing tinea versicolor patients. The efficacy of the extracts was studied and determined by applying different extracts concentrations on agar slants carrying the fungus in an incubator. The susceptibility of tested fungus on the extracts was determined by measuring the diameter of inhibition zones formed around the disc. The highest anti-fungal activity was observed in methanol fresh leaf extract gave an inhibition zone of 9.667 ± 0.557 mm while methanol twigs and soft bark extract gave lowest inhibition zone of 4.333 ± 0.5773 mm compare with gentamycin which gave an inhibition zone of 15 mm after 24 hours. Thus combination of the mixtures confirms the antifungal synergistic interaction against the Malassezia globosa fungus. The water, acetone, ethanol, ether and chloroform plant extracts showed no inhibition zones hence proved ineffective at the evaluated concentrations. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the plant parts also indicated the presence of the relevant phytochemical constituents, thus supports its medicinal values.

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“…Efforts in the last two decades 8,[14][15][16][17][18] suggest that plants may provide the much needed clue for the emergence of the long awaited new generation of trypanocidal drugs. In line with this trend, we investigated different solvent extracts of different parts of Prosopis africana for in vitro and in vivo trypanocidal activity using Trypanosoma brucei brucei as model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of its anti-tyrosine activity, the plant may also be useful in preventing skin whitening or as anti-browning agents 24 . It is listed among the plants used by local farmers in the treatment of trypanosomiasis in northern Nigeria 16 . In vitro assessment of the methanolic extract of the stem bark also revealed potent antitrypanosomal activity 17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Anti-trypanosomal Properties of Four Extracts of Leaves, Stem and Root Barks of <i>Prosopis africana</i> in Laboratory Animals

Atawodi¹,

Ogunbusola²

2010

Biokemistri

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Qualitative phytochemical and anti-trypanosomal properties of the petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and aqueous extracts, obtained by cold extraction from the leaves, stem bark and roots of Prosopis africana were evaluated. The methanolic and aqueous extracts of the stem bark and leaves of the plant contained alkaloids, saponins, tannins and flavonoids. Anthraquinone was present in the stem bark methanolic extract and in the methanolic and aqueous extracts of the root as well as the aqueous extract of the leaves. Resins was present in the petroleum ether and chloroform extracts of the stem bark and leaves, while tannins was detected in the methanol and aqueous extracts of the stem bark and leaves of the plant in addition to the petroleum ether and chloroform extracts of the root bark. All the solvent extracts showed strong in vitro anti-trypanosomal activity and 2 and 4 mg/ml, but in vivo only the methanolic extract of the leaves displayed the most promising anti-trypanosomal effect at 200 mg/kg dose. Hence, Prosopis africana extracts possess significant anti-trypanosomal activity to warrant bioassay-guided evaluation and identification of the active principle.

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Indigenous knowledge system for treatment of trypanosomiasis in Kaduna state of Nigeria

Cited by 114 publications

References 4 publications

Compounds from African Medicinal Plants with Activities against Protozoal Diseases: Schistosomiasis, Trypanosomiasis and Leishmaniasis

Compounds from African Medicinal Plants with Activities against Protozoal Diseases: Schistosomiasis, Trypanosomiasis and Leishmaniasis

Assessment of Anti-Fungal Activity of Annona senegalensis Plant Parts on Malassezia globosa

Evaluation of Anti-trypanosomal Properties of Four Extracts of Leaves, Stem and Root Barks of <i>Prosopis africana</i> in Laboratory Animals

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