Indirect Electrochemical Oxidation Using Hydroxyl Radical, Active Chlorine, and Peroxodisulfate

Serrano, Karine Groenen

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813160-2.00006-7

Cited by 29 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) are among the processes capable to mineralize a myriad of organic micropollutants or transform them into substances easy to biodegrade [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] . The high efficacy of EAOPs is correlated to the electrogeneration of strong oxidants including hydroxyl radicals from the oxidation of the water [30] , [31] , [32] , [33] , and persulfates [34] , [35] , active chlorine [36] , [37] , [38] , [39] , and others [40] , [41] from the oxidation of supporting electrolyte anions. The electrogenerated oxidants contribute in the degradation of organic and inorganic pollution contained in aqueous solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of hydroxychloroquine by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes

Bensalah

Midassi

Boutarfaïa

2020

Chemical Engineering Journal

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Highlights Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has the potential to be a persistent pollutant in water. Electrochemical oxidation with BDD anode (EO) degraded HCQ in all tested conditions. EO led to the release of Cl − ions and conversion of organic nitrogen to NO 3 − and NH 4 +. EO combined with UV light or ultrasound enhanced degradation kinetics and efficiency. Due to higher production of oxidants, EO combined with UV light used much less energy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of hydroxychloroquine by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes

Bensalah

Midassi

Boutarfaïa

2020

Chemical Engineering Journal

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“…Therefore, as can be seen in Eq. (3), a quasi-direct oxidation process of pathogen agents take place in the vicinity of the anode surface where powerful oxidant species are generated from water or electrolyte electrooxidation reactions ( Comninellis et al., 2008 ; Groenen-Serrano, 2018 ; Groenen-Serrano et al., 2013 ; Marselli et al., 2003 ).…”

Section: Quasi-direct Oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the framework of EAOPs, the inactivation of pathogens can be achieved by direct oxidation which occurs when the pathogen reacts directly at the anode’s surface ( Comninellis, 1994 ; Comninellis and Nerini, 1995 ; Panizza, 2010 ) or by quasi-direct oxidation by physi- or chemi-sorbed • OH radicals in the anode’s surface vicinity ( Comninellis et al., 2008 ; Groenen-Serrano, 2018 ; Groenen-Serrano et al., 2013 ; Marselli et al., 2003 ). Furthermore, indirect oxidation can also take place by means of the electrochemical generation of a mediator such as O 3 , H 2 O 2 , active chlorine or active bromine, among others, which in turn can disinfect aqueous effluents in the bulk solution ( de Moura et al., 2015 ; García-Espinoza et al., 2018 ; Kanakaraju et al., 2018 ; Martinez-Huitle and Ferro, 2007 ; Martínez-Huitle and Panizza, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photo-assisted electrochemical advanced oxidation processes for the disinfection of aqueous solutions: A review

et al. 2021

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Disinfection is usually the final step in water treatment and its effectiveness is of paramount importance in ensuring public health. Chlorination, ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and ozone (O 3 ) are currently the most common methods for water disinfection; however, the generation of toxic by-products and the non-remnant effect of UV and O 3 still constitute major drawbacks. Photo-assisted electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) on the other hand, appear as a potentially effective option for water disinfection. In these processes, the synergism between electrochemically produced active species and photo-generated radicals, improve their performance when compared with the corresponding separate processes and with other physical or chemical approaches. In photo-assisted EAOPs the inactivation of pathogens takes place by means of mechanisms that occur at different distances from the anode, that is: (i) directly at the electrode’s surface (direct oxidation), (ii) at the anode’s vicinity by means of electrochemically generated hydroxyl radical species (quasi-direct), (iii) or at the bulk solution (away from the electrode surface) by photo-electrogenerated active species (indirect oxidation). This review addresses state of the art reports concerning the inactivation of pathogens in water by means of photo-assisted EAOPs such as photo-electrocatalytic process, photo-assisted electrochemical oxidation, photo-electrocoagulation and cathodic processes. By focusing on the oxidation mechanism, it was found that while quasi-direct oxidation is the preponderant inactivation mechanism, the photo-electrocatalytic process using semiconductor materials is the most studied method as revealed by numerous reports in the literature. Advantages, disadvantages, trends and perspectives for water disinfection in photo-assisted EAOPs are also analyzed in this work.

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“…Furthermore, recent studies showed that pairing carbon felt cathode with boron doped diamond anode (BDD) could boost the efficacy of electro-Fenton oxidation ( Borràs et al., 2013 ; El-Ghenymy et al., 2015 ; Ruiz et al., 2011 ). BDD anode is known by its capability to produce HO • radicals and other strong oxidants from the oxidation of the electrolyte ( Bensalah et al., 2015 ; Groenen Serrano, 2018 ; Marselli et al., 2003 ; Michaud et al., 2003 ). The supplementary production of strong oxidants at BDD anode and the continuous generation of H 2 O 2 and regeneration of the catalyst (Fe 2+ ) by electrochemical reduction of O 2 and Fe 3+ ions at the cathode offer to this type of AOP an outstanding effectiveness compared to other AOPs in the destruction of organic pollutants in water ( Bensalah et al., 2015 ; Groenen Serrano, 2018 ; Marselli et al., 2003 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient degradation of chloroquine drug by electro-Fenton oxidation: Effects of operating conditions and degradation mechanism

2020

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In this work, the degradation of chloroquine (CLQ), an antiviral and antimalarial drug, using electro-Fenton oxidation was investigated. Due to the importance of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) generation during electro-Fenton oxidation, effects of pH, current density, molecular oxygen (O 2 ) flow rate, and anode material on H 2 O 2 generation were evaluated. H 2 O 2 generation was enhanced by increasing the current density up to 60 mA/cm 2 and the O 2 flow rate up to 80 mL/min at pH 3.0 and using carbon felt cathode and boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode. Electro-Fenton-BDD oxidation achieved the total CLQ depletion and 92% total organic carbon (TOC) removal. Electro-Fenton-BDD oxidation was more effective than electro-Fenton-Pt and anodic oxidation using Pt and BDD anodes. The efficiency of CLQ depletion by electro-Fenton-BDD oxidation raises by increasing the current density and Fe 2+ dose; however it drops with the increase of pH and CLQ concentration. CLQ depletion follows a pseudo-first order kinetics in all the experiments. The identification of CLQ degradation intermediates by chromatography methods confirms the formation of 7-chloro-4-quinolinamine, oxamic, and oxalic acids. Quantitative amounts of chlorides, nitrates, and ammonium ions are released during electro-Fenton oxidation of CLQ. The high efficiency of electro-Fenton oxidation derives from the generation of hydroxyl radicals from the catalytic decomposition of H 2 O 2 by Fe 2+ in solution, and the electrogeneration of hydroxyl and sulfates radicals and other strong oxidants (persulfates) from the oxidation of the electrolyte at the surface BDD anode. Electro-Fenton oxidation has the potential to be an alternative method for treating wastewaters contaminated with CLQ and its derivatives.

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Indirect Electrochemical Oxidation Using Hydroxyl Radical, Active Chlorine, and Peroxodisulfate

Cited by 29 publications

References 70 publications

Degradation of hydroxychloroquine by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes

Degradation of hydroxychloroquine by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes

Photo-assisted electrochemical advanced oxidation processes for the disinfection of aqueous solutions: A review

Efficient degradation of chloroquine drug by electro-Fenton oxidation: Effects of operating conditions and degradation mechanism

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