Indirect somatic embryogenesis and <i>Agrobacterium-</i>mediated transient transformation of ginger (<i>Zingiber officinale</i> Rosc.) using leaf sheath explants

Mehaboob, Valiyaparambath Musfir; Faizal, Kunnampalli; Thilip, Chandrasekaran; Raja, Palusamy; Thiagu, Ganesan; Aslam, Abubakker; Shajahan, Appakan

doi:10.1080/14620316.2019.1624201

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The successful conversion of somatic embryos into healthy plantlets was achieved more efficiently in MS fortified with varied levels of BAP as compared to PGR-free MS medium. Similar somatic embryo germination responses were recorded in PGR-added media in various plant species [ 52 , 53 ]. Somatic embryo germination is, however, frequently regulated by a number of factors including plant genotype, PGRs, culture conditions, photoperiod, and in interaction with endogenous levels of hormones [ 54 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Ploidy Status, Nuclear DNA Content and Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) Genetic Homogeneity Assessment in Digitalis purpurea L., Regenerated In Vitro

Bansal

Mujib

Siddiqui

et al. 2022

Genes

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Digitalis purpurea L. is a therapeutically important plant that synthesizes important cardiotonics such as digitoxin and digoxin. The present work reports a detailed and efficient propagation protocol for D. purpurea by optimizing various PGR concentrations in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. The genetic homogeneity of in vitro regenerants was assessed by the flow cytometric method (FCM) and Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) marker technique. Firstly, the seeds inoculated in full MS medium added with 0.5 mg/L GA3 produced seedlings. Different parts such as hypocotyl, nodes, leaves and apical shoots were used as explants. The compact calli were obtained on BAP alone or in combinations with 2, 4-D/NAA. The hypocotyl-derived callus induced somatic embryos which proliferated and germinated best in 0.75 mg/L BAP-fortified MS medium. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images confirmed the presence of various developmental stages of somatic embryos. Shoot regeneration was obtained in which BAP at 1.0 mg/L and 2.0 mg/L BAP + 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D proved to be the best treatments of PGRs in inducing direct and indirect shoot buds. The regenerated shoots showed the highest rooting percentage (87.5%) with 24.7 ± 1.9 numbers of roots/shoot in 1.0 mg/L IBA augmented medium. The rooted plantlets were acclimatized in a greenhouse at a survival rate of 85–90%. The genome size and the 2C nuclear DNA content of field-grown, somatic embryo-regenerated and organogenic-derived plants were estimated and noted to be 3.1, 3.2 and 3.0 picogram (pg), respectively; there is no alteration in ploidy status and the DNA content, validating genetic uniformity. Six SCoT primers unveiled 94.3%–95.13% monomorphic bands across all the plant samples analyzed, further indicating genetic stability among in vitro clones and mother plants. This study describes for the first time successful induction of somatic embryos from hypocotyl callus; and flow cytometry and SCoT marker confirmed the genetic homogeneity of regenerated plants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Ploidy Status, Nuclear DNA Content and Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) Genetic Homogeneity Assessment in Digitalis purpurea L., Regenerated In Vitro

Bansal

Mujib

Siddiqui

et al. 2022

Genes

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“…Increasing the concentration of picloram from 2 to 8 mg/L picloram proportionally amplified the callus induction frequency of leaf sheath from 77% to 93% (Table 1). In general, 2,4-D is applied to induce callogenesis in ginger (El-Nabarawy et al, 2015;Ibrahim et al, 2015;Musfir Mehaboob et al, 2019) because of DNA replication and mitosis potentials (Sen et al, 2014). However, the present study on Z. officinale var rubrum is the first to prove the callogenesis potentials of picloram on Zingiber species.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Picloram enhanced the callus induction, growth kinetics, antioxidant potentials, and secondary metabolites production of Zingiber officinale var. rubrum callus cultures

Gnasekaran

Rahman

Chew

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Plant cells are driven by types and concentrations of plant growth regulators to produce callus mass containing bioactive compounds. This study aimed to induce callus and to observe the histological, phytochemicals, and antioxidant basis of the callus. An efficient callus induction protocol was developed using picloram for Malaysian red ginger, Zingiber officinale var. rubrum. The effect of auxinic picloram herbicide was studied using six different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 mg/L) on various explants (leaf sheath, leaf, root) to optimise the callus induction. The induced callus was studied for growth kinetics, anatomical features, antioxidant capacity, and phytochemical content. The highest callogenesis frequency (93.75%) and biomass accumulation (3.68 g) were observed on leaf sheath explant cultured on ½ strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 8 mg/L which also requires earlier subculture duration (45 days post-inoculation) in comparison to lower concentrations. Morphological investigation through histological procedure demonstrated friable and non-embryogenic characteristics of the primary and subcultured callus. Cultivated leaf sheath (CLS) methanolic extract showed the highest total phenolic (191.26 mg GAE/g dry extract) and flavonoid (4.54 mg QE/g dry extract) contents contributing to antioxidant activity with an estimated EC50 of 0.208 mg/mL. Although comparatively lower than CLS extract, callus extracts showed higher antioxidant activity and significantly lower EC50 values than in vitro leaf sheath extract. 4H-Pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-, phenol, and phenolic glucoside were only present in callus cultures while methyl esters, fatty acids, and phytosterols could be obtained from leaf sheath and callus extracts. In conclusion, the callus culture of Z. officinale var. rubrum is a potential renewable source of bioactive phytochemical compounds and can be employed for biotechnological practices such as elicitor-induced accumulation of secondary metabolites and genetic modification.

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“…A dosage of 0.5 mg/l NAA and 1.0 mg/l BAP was reported to be excellent for shoot induction. Various plant growth hormones, photoperiod exposure levels, and sucrose concentrations were examined for micro rhizome induction (Musfir Mehaboob et al, 2019). TDZ (2.5 µM) in growth medium elicited more than 3 times of shoots (18.7) than BAP during direct plant regeneration (Zhang et al, 2011a).…”

Section: In Vitro Propagationmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro propagation of pharmaceutical and endangered medicinal plants- a mini review

Bharathi,

Prakash

2022

J. Current Opinion Crop Sci.,

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Peoples and communities gain significantly from the use of medicinal herbs. The medicinal potential of these plants is related to the huge number of chemical compounds that have a specific physiological effect on the human body. Herbal drugs and phytonutrients, also known as nutraceuticals, are growing more popular around the world. The conventional strategy of propagation is the most popular and takes a very long time to multiply due to the low rate of fruit set, poor germination, and clonal homogeneity is not always preserved via seeds. Using optimal in vitro settings, elite plants may be rapidly multiplied to create pharmacognostic material delivering essential metabolites and also produce disease-free plants. This review summarises research on in vitro propagation methods established for medicinal plants, to use this technology to mass-produce medicinal plants that have been over-exploited.

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Indirect somatic embryogenesis and Agrobacterium-mediated transient transformation of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) using leaf sheath explants

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

Ploidy Status, Nuclear DNA Content and Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) Genetic Homogeneity Assessment in Digitalis purpurea L., Regenerated In Vitro

Ploidy Status, Nuclear DNA Content and Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) Genetic Homogeneity Assessment in Digitalis purpurea L., Regenerated In Vitro

Picloram enhanced the callus induction, growth kinetics, antioxidant potentials, and secondary metabolites production of Zingiber officinale var. rubrum callus cultures

In vitro propagation of pharmaceutical and endangered medicinal plants- a mini review

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