Indirect X-ray Detectors Based on Inkjet-Printed Photodetectors with a Screen-Printed Scintillator Layer

Oliveira, Juliana T.; Correia, V.; Sowade, Enrico; Etxebarria, Ikerne; Rodriguez, Raúl D.; Mitra, Kalyan Yoti; Baumann, Reinhard R.; Lanceros‐Méndez, S.

doi:10.1021/acsami.8b00828

Cited by 37 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The intermediate scale employs larger-area analog procedures such as screen printing, flexographic, and gravure printing. It is at this scale that investigations into transferring some device component fabrication to roll-to-roll continuous throughput techniques are typically commenced [103,113,114]. Large-scale fabrication efforts use fully continuous roll-to-roll processing for all OSC device components and fabricate devices with areas of 1 m 2 or larger [16,83,115,116].…”

Section: Printed Device Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This embedded particle approach has also been used in direct detection, where embedded particles of bismuth iodide [207] and metallic tantalum [177] have been employed as high-Z materials to improve the radiation stopping power of thin low-Z OSC layers. Excitingly, such OSC radiation detection innovations are now beginning to be translated into fabrication procedures that utilize printing to create flexible devices, with creation of a transistor structure composed of a commercial p-type semiconductor and PVP dielectric being successfully created using inkjet printing (Figure 8) [113]. This structure demonstrated a 93% increase in photocurrent under exposure of X-rays from a copper source (40 kV).…”

Section: Semiconducting Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(C) Photographs of the devices and I-V curves of one of the single photodiodes (PDs) present in the array in dark (black curve) and under X-ray radiation with (green curve) and without (red curve) the scintillator (SC) film. Reproduced with permission from Oliveira et al [113]. Copyright 2018 by the American Chemical Society.…”

Section: Figure 8 | (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Printable Organic Semiconductors for Radiation Detection: From Fundamentals to Fabrication and Functionality

et al. 2020

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The deployment of organic semiconducting materials for radiation detection is an emerging and highly attractive area of materials science research. These organic materials offer the enticing vision of technologies created from low-cost materials that can be printed on-demand with a range of different tailored optoelectronic functionalities. An explosion in the number of available materials, improved functionality of materials, and sophistication of solution-based device fabrication techniques for organic semiconductors in recent years have led to considerable opportunities for the utilization of organic materials in the detection of ionizing radiation. While the potential of organic semiconducting materials for low-cost radiation detection is clear, transitioning these printable materials to a commercial reality presents a significant scientific challenge. In this work, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the use of organic semiconductors for radiation detection. We discuss the fundamental physics of these materials and how their conduction mechanisms, including charge generation and charge transport, differ significantly from established inorganic semiconductors. Various strategies employed to control the nanostructure in organic semiconductors to optimize charge generation and transport for radiation detection are discussed. We provide insights into the strategies employed to fabricate organic semiconducting devices at industrially relevant scales using roll-to-roll solution processing and finally discuss existing examples of organic semiconducting materials utilized in the radiation detection arena.

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Section: Printed Device Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Semiconducting Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Printable Organic Semiconductors for Radiation Detection: From Fundamentals to Fabrication and Functionality

et al. 2020

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“…The second approach is to investigate an intermediate scale where the device area is larger than 1 cm 2 but below 1 m 2 . Research in this space will often employ tools like screen printing, and can attempt to fabricate some of the device components using a R2R process to directly demon-strate mass manufacturing capabilities [185][186][187]. These studies typically combine R2R processes with standard laboratory fabrication, although the findings are more readily applicable to full R2R fabrication than the first approach as they begin to address issues that are specific to large area fabrication equipment.…”

Section: 1different Scales Of Printing Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This significantly optimised the light and energy transfer path-ways by bringing all active components within 10-50 nm of each other, demonstrating impressive sensitivities of 75 nC Gy −1 mm −2 for GOS:Tb inside a P3HT:PC61BM organic photodiode layer [238], and 1712 mC Gy −1 cm −3 for bismuth oxide scintillator particles inside the same photodiode structure [239]. Excitingly, this approach has now been translated to printing fabrication techniques, with creation of a transistor structure composed of a commercial p-type semiconductor and PVP dielectric being successfully inkjet-printed (figure 9) [186]. Finally, much like for OPVs, the innovations creating specific nanostructured materials that induce high device performance are being translated to larger scale fabrication equipment.…”

Section: 3organic Transistorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manipulating nanoscale structure to control functionality in printed organic photovoltaic, transistor and bioelectronic devices

et al. 2019

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Printed electronics is simultaneously one of the most intensely studied emerging research areas in science and technology and one of the fastest growing commercial markets in the world today. For the past decade the potential for organic electronic (OE) materials to revolutionize this printed electronics space has been widely promoted. Such conviction in the potential of these carbonbased semiconducting materials arises from their ability to be dissolved in solution, and thus the exciting possibility of simply printing a range of multifunctional devices onto flexible substrates at high speeds for very low cost using standard roll-to-roll printing techniques. However, the transition from promising laboratory innovations to large scale prototypes requires precise control of nanoscale material and device structure across large areas during printing fabrication. Maintaining this nanoscale material control during printing presents a significant new challenge that demands the coupling of OE materials and devices with clever nanoscience fabrication approaches that are adapted to the limited thermodynamic levers available. In this review we present an update on the strategies and capabilities that are required in order to manipulate the nanoscale structure of large area printed organic photovoltaic (OPV), transistor and bioelectronics devices in order to control their device functionality. This discussion covers a range of efforts to manipulate the electroactive ink materials and their nanostructured assembly into devices, and also device processing strategies to tune the nanoscale material properties and assembly routes through printing fabrication. The review finishes by highlighting progress in printed OE devices that provide a feedback loop between laboratory nanoscience innovations and their feasibility in adapting to large scale printing fabrication. The ability to control material properties on the nanoscale whilst simultaneously printing functional devices on the square metre scale is prompting innovative developments in the targeted nanoscience required for OPV, transistor and biofunctional devices.

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Inkjet Printing of Bioresorbable Materials for Manufacturing Transient Microelectronic Devices

et al. 2020

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Herein, the inkjet printing of bioresorbable materials tuned to function as electrode, dielectric, and semiconductor layers is reported, thereby developing multilayered microelectronic devices such as capacitors and thin‐film transistors, potentially applicable to address specific medical needs. Polymers and natural materials, e.g., poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)‐poly(styrenesulfonate), shellac, and β‐carotene, indigo inks are implemented using jettable formulations, that are either commercially procured or self‐formulated, designed explicitly to deposit fundamental layers for capacitors and transistors. Several parameters are evaluated and adjusted to precisely define a layer's thickness, topology, and geometry, matching with the properties of a fully biodegradable Ormocere substrate, explicitly developed for the specific biological applications. Furthermore, these parameters support in acquiring the intended electrical properties of layers, i.e., conductivity, insulation, semiconductivity, capacitance, and current versus voltage characteristics. The entire manufacturing process of devices is accomplished on the Ormocere substrate under ambient conditions and below 60 °C. The results exhibit that the electrical characteristics of the printed functional layers and devices show direct influence to the physical geometry of the printed features. A fully printed capacitor demonstrates capacitance of 1 nF cm−2, whereas transistors show p‐type and n‐type characteristics with current 0.18–5 μA and mobility 6 × 10−4–7 × 10−2 cm2 V−1 s−1.

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Indirect X-ray Detectors Based on Inkjet-Printed Photodetectors with a Screen-Printed Scintillator Layer

Cited by 37 publications

References 56 publications

Printable Organic Semiconductors for Radiation Detection: From Fundamentals to Fabrication and Functionality

Printable Organic Semiconductors for Radiation Detection: From Fundamentals to Fabrication and Functionality

Manipulating nanoscale structure to control functionality in printed organic photovoltaic, transistor and bioelectronic devices

Inkjet Printing of Bioresorbable Materials for Manufacturing Transient Microelectronic Devices

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