Indium Tin Oxide-Free Inverted Organic Photovoltaics Using Laser-Induced Forward Transfer Silver Nanoparticle Embedded Metal Grids

Pozov, Sergey M.; Andritsos, Kostas; Theodorakos, Ioannis; Georgiou, Efthymios; Ioakeimidis, Apostolos; Kabla, Ayala; Melamed, Semyon; Vega, Fernando de la; Choulis, Stelios A.

doi:10.1021/acsaelm.2c00217

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The same principles for printing are used with the LIFT technique. There are numerous publications where the printing of solids, pastes, and liquid containing conductive materials have been used for the fabrication of conductive paths [ 25 , 26 , 27 ], light-emitting diodes [ 28 ], solar cells [ 29 ], and materials used for microsensors [ 30 ]. An important advantage over other printing techniques, such as ink-jet printing, relies on the fact that these systems are able to work with a wider viscosity range of inks with nanoparticle suspensions, which opens a wider variety of printable materials suitable for electronic applications, especially in the case of high-viscosity pastes made from particles with particle sizes in the microscale [ 1 ].…”

Section: Industrial Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Printing via Laser-Induced Forward Transfer and the Future of Digital Manufacturing

Florian

Serra

2023

Materials

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In the last decades, digital manufacturing has constituted the headline of what is starting to be known as the ‘fourth industrial revolution’, where the fabrication processes comprise a hybrid of technologies that blur the lines between fundamental sciences, engineering, and even medicine as never seen before. One of the reasons why this mixture is inevitable has to do with the fact that we live in an era that incorporates technology in every single aspect of our daily lives. In the industry, this has translated into fabrication versatility, as follows: design changes on a final product are just one click away, fabrication chains have evolved towards continuous roll-to roll processes, and, most importantly, the overall costs and fabrication speeds are matching and overcoming most of the traditional fabrication methods. Laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) stands out as a versatile set of fabrication techniques, being the closest approach to an all-in-one additive manufacturing method compatible with virtually any material. In this technique, laser radiation is used to propel the material of interest and deposit it at user-defined locations with high spatial resolution. By selecting the proper laser parameters and considering the interaction of the laser light with the material, it is possible to transfer this technique from robust inorganic materials to fragile biological samples. In this work, we first present a brief introduction on the current developments of the LIFT technique by surveying recent scientific review publications. Then, we provide a general research overview by making an account of the publication and citation numbers of scientific papers on the LIFT technique considering the last three decades. At the same time, we highlight the geographical distribution and main research institutions that contribute to this scientific output. Finally, we present the patent status and commercial forecasts to outline future trends for LIFT in different scientific fields.

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Section: Industrial Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Printing via Laser-Induced Forward Transfer and the Future of Digital Manufacturing

Florian

Serra

2023

Materials

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“…2c. The inverted OPV device structure comprised of a flexible PET substrate, a printed conductive silver grid with morphological characteristics determined by our previous work 7 as bottom electrode, an electron transport layer, the organic OPV active layer, the hole transport layer and the top electrode.…”

Section: Proof Of Concept Laser Printing and Sintering Of Bottom Elec...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Silver is more abundant and less expensive than indium, which makes it more attractive for large-scale production of OPVs. 6 In this study, based on our previous work, 7 we investigate the use of silver NP ink as a replacement for ITO for the fabrication of a bottom electrode for flexible OPVs. Utilizing the same laser setup for both laser printing and sintering of silver NP inks, conductive patterns with acceptable morphological characteristics (500 nm height) and resistivity values (55µOhm * cm) were fabricated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser processed Ag nanoparticle conductive grids as bottom electrode for flexible ITO-free organic photovoltaics

Andritsos

Pozov

Theodorakos

et al. 2023

Laser 3D Manufacturing X

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Laser induced forward transfer (LIFT) and laser sintering of metal nanoparticle inks constitute a two-step digital fabrication technique which has been proven a key enabling technology for the fabrication of flexible microelectronic devices. In this work we will present the investigation of the laser printing and sintering process of Ag nanoparticle inks for the production of a conductive grid comprised of parallel lines as replacement for the bottom Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) electrode in organic photovoltaics (OPVs). We study the effect of a range of laser parameters and their impact on the morphological characteristics and the electrical performance of the laser printed conductive grid. The electrical conductivity of the laser printed lines is calculated by means of electrical measurements in a 4-point probe IV station while their morphological characteristics are assessed with profilometry measurements. As a result, flexible ITO-free OPVs incorporating laser-printed Ag grids as a bottom electrode on PET substrates will be presented. The results confirm that the laser printing and sintering combination is an advantageous technique, which can offer a distinguishing solution for applications in highly efficient ITO-free OPVs.

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“…Therefore, solution processability is a key characteristic for successful alternative TCOs. Among them, metal nanowires and printed metal nanoparticles are two of the most promising alternatives as reported in the literature. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Embedded Silver Nanowires/Antimony-Doped Tin Oxide/Polyethylenimine Transparent Electrode for Non-Fullerene Acceptor ITO-Free Inverted Organic Photovoltaics

Georgiou

Ioakeimidis

Αντωνίου

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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Indium tin oxide (ITO)-free solution-processed transparent electrodes are an essential component for the low-cost fabrication of organic optoelectronic devices. High-performance silver nanowires (AgNWs) ITO-free inverted organic photovoltaics (OPVs) usually require a AgNWs-embedded process. A simple cost-effective roll-to-roll production process of inverted ITOfree OPVs with AgNWs as a bottom transparent electrode requires solution-based thick metal oxides as carrier-selective contacts. In this reported study, we show that a solution-processed antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO)/polyethylenimine (PEI) electron-selective contact incorporated on the top of non-embedded AgNWs provides a high-performance ITO-free bottom electrode for nonfullerene acceptor (NFA) inverted OPVs.

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Indium Tin Oxide-Free Inverted Organic Photovoltaics Using Laser-Induced Forward Transfer Silver Nanoparticle Embedded Metal Grids

Cited by 13 publications

References 45 publications

Printing via Laser-Induced Forward Transfer and the Future of Digital Manufacturing

Printing via Laser-Induced Forward Transfer and the Future of Digital Manufacturing

Laser processed Ag nanoparticle conductive grids as bottom electrode for flexible ITO-free organic photovoltaics

Non-Embedded Silver Nanowires/Antimony-Doped Tin Oxide/Polyethylenimine Transparent Electrode for Non-Fullerene Acceptor ITO-Free Inverted Organic Photovoltaics

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