Individual and combined effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and phytohormones on the growth and physiobiochemical characteristics of tea cutting seedlings

Abstract

Both arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and phytohormones collectively regulate plant growth and root development, but their individual and combined effects on tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] cutting seedings remain unclear. This study examined the individual and combined effects of two species of AMF (Rhizophagus intraradices, RI and Funneliformis mosseae, FM) and two types of palnt hormones (strigolactones, SLs; polyamines, PAs) on tea cutting seedings, by evaluating the growth and physiobiochemical characteristics of plants treated with the AMFs and/or hormones. The results showed that inoculation with either AMF individually or hormones treatment alone could significantly enhanced mycorrhizal colonization, growth target and physiobiochemical characteristics of tea cutting seedlings. Interestingly, the addition of a combination of AMFs and hormones showed superior effects, while SL and RI exhibited the most improvements to the colonization rate, plant growth, root-morphological traits, root DHA activity, photosynthesis, chlorophyll content, soluble sugar content in leaves, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, and CAT), compared to other treatment combinations (SL + FM, PA + RI, and PA + FM). Correlation analyses revealed a significantly (p < 0.05) positive correlation of root AMF colonization with root-related traits (e.g., DHA, root total length, surface area, and volume) and leaf-related traits (e.g., leaf area, shoot biomass, total chlorophyll, and antioxidant enzyme activities). This study demonstrated that while the apllication of individual AMF or plant hormones had a certain good effects on most growth and physiobiochemical characteristics parameters of tea cutting seedings, the additive effect was from specific combined of AMF and plant hormones. These results highlight the possibility for combined of AMF and plant hormones to improve the asexual reproduction of tea plants via cuttings.

Effects of exogenous brassinolide and AM fungi on growth, photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant enzyme system of Leymus chinensis under salt and alkali stress

“…Under saline-alkali stress (SS), root infection rate, spore density and mycelium length were significantly decreased under BR treatment this resulted in better uptakes of both water and nutrients and resulting in considerable increase in growth and biomass production. Previous studies have shown that plant hormones are important factors affecting the development of AM fungi in the process of symbiosis (Liao et al, 2016;Cao et al, 2021;Gao et al, 2023).…”

Kandungan Hormon dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman pada Bioassay Bibit Kentang yang Diberi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula dan Mycorrhizal Helper Bacteria

“…MHB juga diketahui menghasilkan beberapa senyawa volatil maupun non volatil seperti CO2, tiamin dan 2-methylisoborneol yang meregulasi germinasi spora (Nasslahsen et al, 2022;Guarnizo et al, 2023). Namun demikian informasi tentang pengujian kemampuan FMA maupun MHB untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit kentang secara in vitro dalam menghasilkan hormon, asam organik maupun enzim masih terbatas (Minemba et al, 2019).…”

“…Inokulasi MHB diberikan dengan cara meneteskan 3 mL larutan kultur menggunakan pipet ke dalam tabung (Nurbaity et al, 2016) Adanya hormon tumbuh terutama giberelin yang dihasilkan oleh MHB yang cukup tinggi memperkuat hasil-hasil penelitian sebelumnya yang memperlihatkan bahwa salah satu mekanisme peningkatan metabolisme mikroba dan tanaman yang diberi MHB karena adanya hormon tumbuh yang dihasilkan (Fritz et al, 2022). Giberelin merupakan senyawa organik yang berperan dalam proses perkecambahan karena dapat mengaktifkan reaksi enzimatik di dalam benih sehingga metabolisme sel meningkat (Gao et al, 2023).…”

“…Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini terlihat bahwa jumlah hormon kontrol dengan FMA hampir sama dan lebih kecil dari MHB karena masih banyak dipengaruhi oleh eksudat akar tanamannya saja. Di sisi lain, beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa germinasi spora, pertumbuhan hifa dan kolonisasi akar dimulai oleh hormon tanaman (Gao et al, 2023).…”

“…Hormon tumbuhan dikenal sebagai sinyal molekul yang bertindak sebagai regulator penting dari pertumbuhan tanaman dan perkembangan akar, dan juga telah terbukti memainkan peran penting dalam memodifikasi interaksi antara tanaman dan FMA (Guarnizo et al, 2023).…”