Individual changes in human EEG caused by 450 MHz microwave modulated at 40 and 70 Hz

Bachmann, Maie; Tomson, Ruth; Kalda, Jaan; Säkki, Maksim; Lass, Jaanus; Tuulik, Viiu; Hinrikus, Hiie

doi:10.1007/s10669-007-9069-9

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The results of this study are in good agreement with the rate of individual sensitivity 13-31% reported in our previous publications (Hinrikus et al 2008a;Bachmann et al 2007). It seems that inter-hemispheric asymmetry as a measure for evaluation of the microwave effect on EEG has about the same sensitivity as relative changes in the EEG power.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In previous studies the individual sensitivity to microwave exposure was evaluated based on relative changes in the EEG power (S-parameter) (Hinrikus et al 2008a;Bachmann et al 2007). The results of this study are in good agreement with the rate of individual sensitivity 13-31% reported in our previous publications (Hinrikus et al 2008a;Bachmann et al 2007).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

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Effect of modulated microwave radiation on human EEG asymmetry

et al. 2009

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This study is aimed to investigation of the effect of modulated 450 MHz microwave radiation on the EEG inter-hemispheric asymmetry. Ten cycles of the microwave exposure (1 min off and 1 min on) at fixed modulation frequency were applied on two groups of healthy volunteers. The first group of 13 subjects was exposed to microwave radiation modulated at 14 Hz and the second group of 15 subjects at 40 Hz frequency. The peak specific absorption rate (SAR) average over 1 g was 0.303 W/kg. Differences in SAR between hemispheres were up to 20 dB. Rod antenna was located from the left side of the head. Differences of relative changes in EEG energy between symmetric channels FP1-FP2, T3-T4, P3-P4 and O1-O2 in exposed and sham conditions were analysed. The results showed increase in EEG energy from the left side caused by microwave exposure. Statistical analysis done for the whole group of subjects didn't reveal significant differences in inter-hemispheres asymmetry between exposed and sham conditions. However, statistical analysis performed for individual subjects detected significant differences in asymmetry caused by exposure for 15-35% of individuals.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Effect of modulated microwave radiation on human EEG asymmetry

et al. 2009

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“…It appears that the most intriguing are papers on animal brain exposure (Salford et al 2007;Ushiama et al 2007). The results of studies in the last decade (Leszcynski et al 2002;Bachmann et al 2007) demonstrated alteration in EEG in humans.…”

Section: Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields In the Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of physical factors on the society and environment

Markov

2012

Environmentalist

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In 1988 I published a paper ''Electromagnetic fields-a new ecological factor'' (Markov 1988). There was no internet and very few cell phones were available. It was not even fear from the hazard of the power lines. However, I want to cite the beginning of this paper: ''The contemporary conditions of life put man in dependence of the complex of physical influences on the environment and in the first place-of the electromagnetic fields. The rapid development of science and technology has resulted in the introduction of many new devices and technologies in industry, agriculture, and everyday life. On the other hand, during their phylogenetic and ontogenic development, the living organisms are continuously exposed to the influence of different biotic and abiotic factors. The physical factors are included in the first group, and the entire evolution of life is connected with an adaptation to the action of these factors.'' Could I repeat this statement nearly a quarter of century later? Sure, I will. The only difference would be that I will speak not only for electromagnetic fields, but for green-house effects, global warming, volcano eruption, and radiation disasters. I would also discuss the noise and vibration to which people are exposed from early days to the very end of their life traveling with private vehicles or public transport.

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“…The powers of four basic EEG frequency bands, theta (4-6.8 Hz), alpha (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13), beta1 (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) and beta2 (22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38), were extracted from the total EEG (0.5-48 Hz) by filtering. Elliptic bandstop filters with an attenuation of 50 dB in the stopband were used.…”

Section: Resting Eeg: Preprocessingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper we present an overview and analysis of the main results of papers [ 7,8,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. Investigations were aimed first of all to the selection and development of methods, sensitive to small hidden changes in the EEG signal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of modulated microwave radiation on electroencephalographic rhythms and cognitive processes

Hinrikus

Bachmann²,

Lass³

et al. 2008

Estonian J. Eng.

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This paper is a review of the studies performed on microwave effects on resting electroencephalography (EEG) and visual memory and information processing during the last ten years. Some earlier results, obtained at the Biomedical Engineering Centre of the Tallinn University of Technology are reevaluated and generalized. Microwave radiation of 450 MHz, modulated at 7, 14, 21, 40, 70, 217 and 1000 Hz was applied. The calculated spatial peak SAR, averaged over 1 g, was 0.303 W/kg. The developed new methods of EEG analysis can detect small changes in the EEG signals caused by microwave exposure. Microwave exposure causes most remarkable increase in the EEG alpha power (reported also by other authors) and smaller increase in the beta power, detected by sensitive methods. The obtained results showed that the effect of microwave radiation depends on the modulation frequency and, consequently, has non-thermal origin. Sensitivity to microwave esposure is individual, the rate of the subjects significantly affected was 13-30% for different groups. The physiological adaptation of the brain compensates and even overcompensates the effect of the microwave exposure. The results confirm that the microwave effect is not linearly related to the intensity of the applied field. The changes in human performance of visual memory tasks and visual information processing are small, but statistically significant (p < 0.05).

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Individual changes in human EEG caused by 450 MHz microwave modulated at 40 and 70 Hz

Cited by 10 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of modulated microwave radiation on human EEG asymmetry

Effect of modulated microwave radiation on human EEG asymmetry

Impact of physical factors on the society and environment

Effect of modulated microwave radiation on electroencephalographic rhythms and cognitive processes

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