Individual differences in brain aging: heterogeneity in cortico-hippocampal but not caudate atrophy rates

Nyberg, Lars; Andersson, Micael; Lundquist, Anders; Baaré, William Frans Christiaan; Bartrés‐Faz, David; Bertram, Lars; Boraxbekk, Carl-Johan; Brandmaier, Andreas M.; Demnitz, Naiara; Drevon, Christian A.; Duezel, Sandra; Ebmeier, K P; Ghisletta, Paolo; Henson, Richard; Jensen, Daria E. A.; Kievit, Rogier A.; Knights, Ethan; Kühn, Simone; Lindenberger, Ulman; Plachti, Anna; Pudas, Sara; Roe, James M; Madsen, Kathrine Skak; Solé‐Padullés, Cristina; Sommerer, Yasmine; Suri, Sana; Zsoldos, Enikő; Fjell, Anders M.; Walhovd, Kristine B.

doi:10.1093/cercor/bhac400

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Using hippocampus as test-region, there was a significant main effect of scanner on volume (F = 4.13, p = 0.046), but the between-participant rank order was close perfectly retained between scanners, with a mean between-scanner Pearson correlation of r = 0.98 (range 0.94-1.00). Similar analyses of cortical regions also revealed close correspondence across scanners (Nyberg et al, 2023). Thus, including site as a random effect covariate in the analyses of hippocampal volume is likely sufficient to remove the influence of scanner differences.…”

Section: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Acquisition and Analysismentioning

confidence: 59%

Is Short Sleep Bad for the Brain? Brain Structure and Cognitive Function in Short Sleepers

et al. 2023

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Many sleep less than recommended without experiencing daytime sleepiness. According to prevailing views, short sleep increases risk of lower brain health and cognitive function. Chronic mild sleep deprivation could cause undetected sleep debt, negatively affecting cognitive function and brain health. However, it is possible that some have less sleep need and are more resistant to negative effects of sleep loss. We investigated this using a cross-sectional and longitudinal sample of 47,029 participants of both sexes (20-89 years) from the Lifebrain consortium, Human Connectome project and UK Biobank, with measures of self-reported sleep, including 51,295 MRIs of the brain and cognitive tests. 740 participants who reported to sleep < 6 hours did not experience daytime sleepiness or sleep problems/disturbances interfering with falling or staying asleep. These short sleepers showed significantly larger regional brain volumes than both short sleepers with daytime sleepiness and sleep problems (n = 1742) and participants sleeping the recommended 7-8 hours (n = 3886). However, both groups of short sleepers showed slightly lower general cognitive function, 0.16 and 0.19 standard deviations, respectively. Analyses using acelerometer-estimated sleep duration confirmed the findings, and the associations remained after controlling for body mass index, depression symptoms, income and education. The results suggest that some people can cope with less sleep without obvious negative associations with brain morphometry, and that sleepiness and sleep problems may be more related to brain structural differences than duration. However, the slightly lower performance on tests of general cognitive abilities warrants closer examination in natural settings.Significance statementShort habitual sleep is prevalent, with unknown consequences for brain health and cognitive performance. Here we show that daytime sleepiness and sleep problems are more strongly related to regional brain volumes than sleep duration. However, participants sleeping ≤ 6 hours had slightly lower scores on tests of general cognitive function. This indicates that sleep need is individual, and that sleep duration per se is very weakly if at all related brain health, while daytime sleepiness and sleep problems may show somewhat stronger associations. The association between habitual short sleep and lower scores on tests of general cognitive abilities must be further scrutinized in natural settings.

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Section: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Acquisition and Analysismentioning

confidence: 59%

Is Short Sleep Bad for the Brain? Brain Structure and Cognitive Function in Short Sleepers

et al. 2023

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“…Using hippocampus as test-region, there was a significant main effect of scanner on volume (F = 4.13, p = .046), but the between-participant rank order was close perfectly retained between scanners, with a mean between-scanner Pearson correlation of r = .98 (range .94-1.00). Similar analyses of cortical regions also revealed close correspondence across scanners (Nyberg et al 2022). Thus, including site as a random effect covariate in the analyses of hippocampal volume is likely sufficient to remove the influence of scanner differences.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Is short sleep bad for the brain? Brain structure and cognitive function in short sleepers

Fjell

Sørensen

Wang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Many sleep less than recommended without experiencing daytime tiredness. According to prevailing views, short sleep increases risk of lower brain health and cognitive function. Chronic mild sleep deprivation could cause undetected sleep debt, negatively affecting cognitive function and brain health. However, it is possible that some have less sleep needs and are more resistant to negative effects of sleep loss. We investigated this question using a combined cross-sectional and longitudinal sample of 47,029 participants (age 20-89 years) with measures of self-reported sleep, including 51,295 MRIs of the brain and cognitive tests. 701 participants who reported to sleep < 6 hours did not experience any daytime tiredness or sleep problems. These short sleepers showed on average larger regional brain volumes and only slightly lower general cognitive function compared to a group of 7-8 hours healthy sleepers (n = 3754). In contrast, short sleepers reporting excessive daytime tiredness and sleep problems (n = 1619) had smaller brain volumes and lower cognitive scores. Analyses using accelerometer-estimated sleep duration confirmed the findings, and the associations remained after controlling for body mass index, depression symptoms, income and education. The results suggest that some people can cope with less sleep without obvious negative consequences for brain health, in line with a view on sleep need as individualized. Tiredness and sleep problems seem to be more relevant for neurocognitive function than sleep duration per se.

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“…While the adaptive stress response is important for survival, repeated hormone adaption to stress activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis results in lasting structural and functional disturbances of the limbic lobe [47,48,49]. Further, a recent study with longitudinal MRI data showed that aging is characterized more by hippocampal atrophy than by cortical thickness [50]. These ndings together with our results, suggest the burden of SES disadvantage may be more likely to exaggerate towards the limbic lobe with age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women at Risk: A Comparative Study on Socioeconomic Status, Lifestyle, Brain, and Cognition Among Older Females in Japan and Sweden

Liu,

Tatewaki,

Boraxbekk

et al. 2024

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Objective Determine and compare lifestyle risks addressing the effects of socioeconomic status (SES) on brain and cognitive variations among females in two community-dwelling cohorts across Japan and Sweden. Method We included 576 (73.7 ± 6.0 years) and 195 (63.9 ± 13.4 years) cognitively healthy females from the Arao (AC, Japan) and Betula (BC, Sweden) cohorts, respectively. SES was defined by educational and occupational categories. Lifestyle-related diseases included obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and depressive disorder; habits including exercise, social activity, sleep, alcohol habits, and smoking status. Brain structural outcomes were derived from T1 weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans. A priori regions of interest included volumes of the hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus, and caudate; thickness of the superior frontal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, and middle temporal gyrus. General cognitive performance was evaluated by the Mini-Mental State Examination score. The relationships between SES-lifestyle with the brain and cognition were assessed by structural equation models. Results Positive associations were found between SES and volumetric brain measures and cognition (MMSE) in both cohorts, but not between SES and cortical thickness. Lifestyle-related diseases (including obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and depressive disorder), but not habits such as exercise or sleep, partially explained the positive association between SES and brain volumes (up to 18.6% in the AC). A similar, but non-significant trend, was seen in the SES-cognition association that could be explained by lifestyle-related diseases. Discussion Although statements of causality cannot be made from the current work, our findings suggest management of the lifestyle-related disease is particularly important for females for compensating the maladaptive effects of SES on brain atrophy.

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Individual differences in brain aging: heterogeneity in cortico-hippocampal but not caudate atrophy rates

Cited by 20 publications

References 43 publications

Is Short Sleep Bad for the Brain? Brain Structure and Cognitive Function in Short Sleepers

Is Short Sleep Bad for the Brain? Brain Structure and Cognitive Function in Short Sleepers

Is short sleep bad for the brain? Brain structure and cognitive function in short sleepers

Women at Risk: A Comparative Study on Socioeconomic Status, Lifestyle, Brain, and Cognition Among Older Females in Japan and Sweden

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