Individual Differences in Cognitive Training Research

Katz, Benjamin; Jones, Masha R.; Shah, Priti; Buschkuehl, Martin; Jaeggi, Susanne M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-39292-5_8

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Second, we had to exclude nearly 20% of trials as outliers. Performance on cognitive control tasks frequently shows large individual differences even in typically developing children (Cepeda et al, 2013; Katz et al, 2021). Children with intellectual disabilities may get even more easily distracted or may become fatigued.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a physical education intervention on attention and inhibitory control in Ecuadorian children with intellectual disabilities

Piedra

Pesthy

Marton

2023

J Intellect Disabil

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Background: Studies on physical activity interventions indicated a facilitative effect on cognitive performance in persons with intellectual disabilities; however, research is scarce, especially in low/middle-income countries. Aim: We explored the effects of a 6-week enriched physical education program on inhibitory control and attention functions in Ecuadorian children with intellectual disabilities. Methods: Thirty children with mild intellectual disabilities (10-14 years old) were randomly assigned to an intervention or control group. Before and after the intervention, attention and inhibitory control were measured using computer-based nonverbal tasks. Results: The findings showed significantly more accurate and faster responses in the vigilance task in the intervention group than in the controls. There were no significant intervention-related changes in inhibitory control; however, there were more prominent accuracy tendencies toward improvement in the intervention group. Conclusions: Results provide evidence of the potential of physical activity programs to enhance attention in this population, which could serve as a mediator for inhibitory control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a physical education intervention on attention and inhibitory control in Ecuadorian children with intellectual disabilities

Piedra

Pesthy

Marton

2023

J Intellect Disabil

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“…Table 1), making it difficult to compare learning success across individual participants. Generally, the amount of training necessary to reach learning effects can strongly differ across individuals (e.g., Dale et al, 2021; Katz et al, 2021; Traut et al, 2021; Wen et al, 2021). So, a fixed amount of training alone would not guarantee that participants underwent sufficient training to reach automaticity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can perception be extended to a “feel of north”? Tests of automaticity with the NaviEar

et al. 2022

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This study investigated the potential for the development of novel perceptual experiences through sustained training with a sensory augmentation device. We developed (1) a new geomagnetic sensory augmentation device, the NaviEar, and (2) a battery of tests for automaticity in the use of the device. The NaviEar translates head direction toward north into continuous sound according to a “wind coding” principle. To facilitate automatization of use, its design is informed by considerations of the embodiment of spatial orientation and multi-sensory integration, and it uses a sensory coding scheme derived from means for auditory perception of wind direction that is common in sailing because it is easy to understand and use. The test battery assesses different effects of automaticity (interference, rigidity of responses, and dynamic integration) assuming that automaticity is a necessary criterion to show the emergence of perceptual feel, that is, an augmented experience with perceptual phenomenal quality. We measured performance in simple training tasks, administered the tests for automaticity, and assessed subjective reports through a questionnaire. Results suggest that the NaviEar is easy and comfortable to use and has a potential for applications in real-world situations. Despite high usability, however, a 5-day training with the NaviEar did not reach levels of automaticity that are indicative of perceptual feel. We propose that the test battery for automaticity may be used as a benchmark test for iterative research on perceptual experiences in sensory augmentation and sensory substitution.

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“…A study using a designed multitasking game "NeuroRacer" to train older adults showed that the trained group reduced multitasking costs and achieved levels that exceeded those of untrained 20-year-old participants for six months [4]. However, most of these studies focus on the effects produced by the training or changes in neurophysiology (e.g., EEG), and few studies explore how subjects perform during the training [5], [6]. The fact is, however, that not all participants benefit equally from training, and individual differences in training performance may influence the training effect of the whole group [7], [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, different subjects will cope differently with the same training paradigm [6], [9], which raises the possibility that the training paradigm may not successfully guide the subjects to perform the intended training content. Therefore some studies argued that individual differences were worth considering [5], [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Mean Pupil Diameter Change to Analyze Behavioral Performance in Multitasking Training Game

Tahara

Nakphu

et al. 2022

2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &Amp; Biology Society (EMBC)

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To explore the actual behavioral performance of subjects in multitasking training games, we designed a VR game including a Target-tracking task (TTT) of continuously moving "Player" to track "Targets" and a randomly appearing Color-discrimination task (CDT) requiring discriminating whether "Player" and "Monster" have the same color, and recorded subjects' pupillary changes to reflect mental effort. By analyzing the mean pupil diameter change (MPDC) of different groups, we found that the high group presented pupil dilation during the post-event stage, reflecting that they engaged in psychological processing of CDT during the event, whereas the low group had no pupil dilation during part of the post-event stage, reflecting the possibility of ignoring the appearance of CDT, and such behaviors hardly raise good expectations for training effect. Our study suggests that MPDC mirrors not only the actual behavior of the different groups treating the multitasking paradigm, but also the influence of game design.

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Individual Differences in Cognitive Training Research

Cited by 11 publications

References 71 publications

Effects of a physical education intervention on attention and inhibitory control in Ecuadorian children with intellectual disabilities

Effects of a physical education intervention on attention and inhibitory control in Ecuadorian children with intellectual disabilities

Can perception be extended to a “feel of north”? Tests of automaticity with the NaviEar

Using Mean Pupil Diameter Change to Analyze Behavioral Performance in Multitasking Training Game

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