Individual differences in fear and self-distancing predict information processing via problem construal

Mayiwar, Lewend; Hærem, Thorvald; Furnham, Adrian

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2023.112383

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Only a few studies have examined the role of self‐distancing in decision‐making (Gainsburg et al. 2022; Mayiwar and Björklund 2021; Mayiwar, Hærem, and Furnham 2023). The current study is the first to examine how self‐distancing regulates the influence of incidental anger versus fear in a dynamic task that simulates real‐life decision‐making under uncertainty.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, while a few studies have examined the role of self‐distancing in decision‐making (Gainsburg et al. 2022; Mayiwar and Björklund 2021; Mayiwar, Hærem, and Furnham 2023), the present study is, to our knowledge, the first attempt to experimentally investigate how self‐distancing moderates the effect of incidental anger (vs. fear) in a dynamic decision‐making task involving uncertainty.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Although the studies by Cryder et al (2008) and Dorison, Wang et al (2020) focused on incidental sadness and self-focus rather than incidental anger and self-immersion (vs. self-distancing), they provide further evidence for the potential effectiveness of self-distancing in reducing carryover effects of incidental emotions in general. Finally, while a few studies have examined the role of selfdistancing in decision-making (Gainsburg et al 2022;Mayiwar and Björklund 2021;Mayiwar, Haerem, and Furnham 2023), the present study is, to our knowledge, the first attempt to experimentally investigate how self-distancing moderates the effect of incidental anger (vs. fear) in a dynamic decision-making task involving uncertainty.…”

Section: Self-distancing (Vs Self-immersion)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self‐Distancing Regulates the Effect of Incidental Anger (vs. Fear) on Affective Decision‐Making Under Uncertainty

Mayiwar,

Hærem,

Løhre

2024

Behavioral Decision Making

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Emotions integral to a task are often adaptive, particularly in situations where outcomes and probabilities are not known. However, decisions are also influenced by emotions that arise from situations unrelated to the task. This is especially the case with negative emotions like fear and anger, which also tend to be accompanied by ruminative thinking that might divert decision‐makers' attention from the task at hand. In two preregistered experiments, we show how self‐distancing regulates the influence of incidental anger (vs. fear) on decision‐making under uncertainty. Participants recalled and reflected on a fear‐related or anger‐related event from either a self‐immersed or self‐distanced perspective. Next, they completed a task that is commonly used to measure affective decision‐making under uncertainty, the Iowa Gambling Task. The results in both experiments indicated that self‐immersed angry (vs. fearful) decision‐makers were significantly slower to avoid the risky, disadvantageous decks. These findings demonstrate how the ways in which we process negative emotional events shape their carryover effects in decision‐making under uncertainty and point to self‐distancing as a potential tool to control incidental emotional influences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Self-distancing (Vs Self-immersion)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self‐Distancing Regulates the Effect of Incidental Anger (vs. Fear) on Affective Decision‐Making Under Uncertainty

Mayiwar,

Hærem,

Løhre

2024

Behavioral Decision Making

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…Although the studies by Cyder et al (2008) and focused on incidental sadness and self-focus rather than incidental anger and self-immersion (vs. self-distancing), they provide further evidence for the potential effectiveness of self-distancing in reducing carryover effects of incidental emotions in general. Finally, while a few studies have examined the role of self-distancing in decision-making (Gainsburg et al, 2022;Mayiwar et al, 2023;Mayiwar & Björklund, 2021), the present study is, to our knowledge, the first attempt to experimentally investigate how self-distancing moderates the effect of incidental anger (vs. fear) in a dynamic decision-making task involving uncertainty.…”

Section: Self-distancing (Vs Self-immersion)mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Finally, these findings build on the self-distancing literature by showing its relevance in the domain of decision-making. Only a few studies have examined the role of self-distancing in decision-making (Gainsburg et al, 2022;Mayiwar et al, 2023;Mayiwar & Björklund, 2021).…”

Section: Theoretical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Distancing Regulates the Effect of Incidental Anger (vs. Fear) in Affective Decision-Making under Uncertainty

Mayiwar,

Hærem,

Løhre

2024

Preprint

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Emotions integral to a task are often adaptive, particularly in situations where outcomes and probabilities are not known. However, decisions are also influenced by emotions that arise from situations unrelated to the task. This is especially the case with negative emotions like fear and anger, which also tend to be accompanied by ruminative thinking that might divert decision-makers’ attention from the task at hand. In two preregistered experiments, we show how self-distancing regulates the influence of incidental anger (vs. fear) on decision-making under uncertainty. Participants recalled and reflected on a fear-related or anger-related event from either a self-immersed or self-distanced perspective. Next, they completed a task that is commonly used to measure affective decision-making under uncertainty, the Iowa Gambling Task. The results in both experiments indicated that self-immersed angry (vs. fearful) decision-makers were significantly slower to avoid the risky, disadvantageous decks. These findings demonstrate how the ways in which we process negative emotional events shape their carryover effects in decision-making under uncertainty and point to self-distancing as a potential tool to control incidental emotional influences.

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‘Slow down, one detail at the time!’ the influence of reflective-impulsive cognitive style on the recollection of criminal events

Glomb,

Piotrowski,

Gulla

et al. 2024

Psychological Research

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This study investigates the impact of the reflective-impulsive dimension of cognitive styles on recollection and the accuracy of a criminal events. In a VR-based experimental study, 150 participants were exposed to both criminal and neutral scenarios and subsequently asked to report everything they remembered about them. Cognitive styles were assessed using a computer-administered Matching Familiar Figures Test. The findings highlight that individuals with a reflective cognitive style consistently provided detailed descriptions of the events, irrespective of the context of encoding. In contrast, individuals with an impulsive cognitive style displayed context-specific effects, notably reduced performance when recalling emotionally charged criminal events. Notably, cognitive style did not moderate the accuracy of testimony. Given that the subjects who observed the crime achieved a lower overall accuracy rate than those who observed the neutral video, it appears that accuracy is directly affected by the criminal content.

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Individual differences in fear and self-distancing predict information processing via problem construal

Cited by 4 publications

References 94 publications

Self‐Distancing Regulates the Effect of Incidental Anger (vs. Fear) on Affective Decision‐Making Under Uncertainty

Self‐Distancing Regulates the Effect of Incidental Anger (vs. Fear) on Affective Decision‐Making Under Uncertainty

Self-Distancing Regulates the Effect of Incidental Anger (vs. Fear) in Affective Decision-Making under Uncertainty

‘Slow down, one detail at the time!’ the influence of reflective-impulsive cognitive style on the recollection of criminal events

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