Individual Differences in Graphical Reasoning

Feeney, Aidan; Adams, Joanne B.; Webber, Lara; Ewbank, Michael P.

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-25931-2_27

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Additionally, graph literacy and medicine‐related knowledge were not associated, and participants with low graph literacy knew as well as those with high graph literacy that graphs can be plotted misleadingly. An interesting question for future research would be to examine how graph literacy relates to other factors including working memory limitations (Huestegge & Philipp, ; Peebles & Cheng, , ), individual differences in spatial abilities (Feeney, Adams, Webber, & Ewbank, ), and math anxiety (Ashcraft & Kirk, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How People with Low and High Graph Literacy Process Health Graphs: Evidence from Eye‐tracking

Okan

Galešić

García‐Retamero

2015

Behavioral Decision Making

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Graphs facilitate the communication of important quantitative information, often serving as effective decision support tools. Yet, graphs are not equally useful for all individuals, as people differ substantially in their graph literacythe ability to understand graphically presented information. Although some features of graphs can be interpreted using spatial-to-conceptual mappings that can be established by adults and children with no graphing experience (e.g., higher bars equal larger quantities), other features are linked to arbitrary graph conventions (e.g., axis labels and scales). In two experiments, we examined differences in the processes underlying the comprehension of graphs presenting medical information in individuals with low and high graph literacy. Participants eye movements were recorded while they interpreted graphs in which information in conventional features was incongruent with that conveyed by spatial features. Results revealed that participants with low graph literacy more often relied on misleading spatial-to-conceptual mappings and misinterpreted the data depicted. Higher graph literacy was often associated with more time spent viewing the conventional features containing essential information for accurate interpretations. This suggests that individuals with high graph literacy are better able to identify the task-relevant information in graphs, and thus attend to the relevant features to a larger extent. Theoretical, methodological, and prescriptive implications for customization of decision-support systems are discussed.Keywords: Graph comprehension, eye movements, medical decision making, individual differences, graph literacy GRAPH LITERACY AND PROCESSING OF HEALTH GRAPHS 3 How People with Low and High Graph Literacy Process Health Graphs: Evidence from Eye-TrackingGraphical displays such as line plots, bar charts, and icon arrays can serve as highly valuable tools for overcoming difficulties in the comprehension of numerical concepts, thus serving as highly effective decision support tools (Ancker, Senathirajah, Kukafka, & Starren, 2006; Garcia-Retamero & Cokely, 2011, 2013 Lipkus, 2007). Unfortunately, graphs are not equally useful for all individuals, as people in the general population differ substantially in their ability to understand graphically presented information (Galesic & Garcia-Retamero, 2011; Kutner, Greenberg, Jin, & Paulsen, 2006). These differences can affect the extent to which individuals benefit from visual displays (Gaissmaier et al., 2012; Garcia-Retamero & Cokely, 2014; Garcia-Retamero & Galesic, 2010; Okan, Garcia-Retamero, Cokely, & Maldonado, 2012). Yet the processes underlying graph comprehension in individuals with varying levels of graph literacy are not well understood. We used eye-tracking methodology to investigate this issue. Individual Differences in Graph LiteracyGraph literacy refers to ones ability to understand graphically presented information and includes general knowledge about making inferences from different graphic formats ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How People with Low and High Graph Literacy Process Health Graphs: Evidence from Eye‐tracking

Okan

Galešić

García‐Retamero

2015

Behavioral Decision Making

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“…Visuospatial abilities in the literature were strongly related with math abilities and with performance in probabilistic problems (de Hevia, Vallar, & Girelli, 2008;Feeney, Adams, Webber, & Ewbank, 2004). Their implication in this type of performance is founded on the skill in representing and transfiguring symbolic and nonlinguistic data (Gardner, 1993).…”

Section: Which Variables Related To Probabilistic Reasoning Might Conmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Probabilistic Reasoning in Psychology Undergraduates in Italy and Spain: Seeking Cross-national Evidence

Agus

Peró‐Cebollero

Guàrdia‐Olmos

et al. 2019

EURASIA J MATH SCI T

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A cross-national comparison between Italy and Spain was conducted on probabilistic reasoning performance presented in verbal-numerical and graphical-pictorial formats. This study investigated the similarities and differences in Psychology undergraduates in these two countries (Italy n=290; Spain n=130) and attempted to identify aspects that might enhance the probability of a student belonging to one country. The findings underscored that Spanish students had higher levels of visuospatial abilities, more positive attitudes toward statistics, lower statistical anxiety, and higher confidence in the correctness of their responses. Additionally, they gave a higher number of correct responses to problems presented in a verbal-numerical format. These data suggest interesting insights and highlight the interactions among multiple layers of variables at the collective, contextual, and individual levels.

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Working Memory and Children’s Mathematical Skills: Implications for mathematical development and mathematics curricula

Holmes

Adams

2006

Educational Psychology

243

200

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Individual Differences in Graphical Reasoning

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

How People with Low and High Graph Literacy Process Health Graphs: Evidence from Eye‐tracking

How People with Low and High Graph Literacy Process Health Graphs: Evidence from Eye‐tracking

A Comparison of Probabilistic Reasoning in Psychology Undergraduates in Italy and Spain: Seeking Cross-national Evidence

Working Memory and Children’s Mathematical Skills: Implications for mathematical development and mathematics curricula

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