Individual differences in rational and intuitive thinking styles as predictors of heuristic responses and framing effects

Shiloh, Shoshana; Salton, Efrat; Sharabi, Dana

doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(01)00034-4

Cited by 202 publications

(154 citation statements)

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“…The most widely this problem is presented in psychology and psycho physiology [7,42,44,45,46]. Classic conceptions of individuality either reduce temper to different features of lower level of individuality or define temper as coming from higher planes of individuality -plane of personality.…”

Section: Table 1 Results Of Regression Analysis Of "Positive" Scores'mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The concept of individual approach in sport

Kozina

Prusik

2015

PPS

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Annotation. Purpose: prove the concept of individual approach to sports training. Develop a common scheme ways individualization process of training athletes. Material: the study involved 149 athletes: 38 volleyball players and 111 players. Was carried out comprehensive testing athletes for 33 pedagogical, psycho-physiological, biochemical parameters. Also conducted an analysis of indicators of competitive activity. Results: we propose the following areas of the individualization process of preparation of athletes: 1 -systematization of mathematical indicators of preparedness and condition of the athlete in a single point in time; 2 -regression analysis of the dynamics of individual game performance athletes; 3 -the use of universal methods of individualization of various aspects of the training process. It is established that the individual characteristics of players in basketball and volleyball are connected not only with the anthropometric data, but also depend on the physiological and psychophysiological indicators. In this aspect there is provided use of cluster and factor analysis for the construction of individual training programs for players. It was found that the dynamics of the gaming performance is described by quadratic, cubic and sinusoidal functions. In the case of sinusoidal oscillation period of regression models in girls is 25-30 days, 31-38 days in boys. This allows to determine the most preferred times of increasing and reducing the efficiency of competitive. Conclusions: the concept of individual approach in sport involves the separation of a wide range of indicators leading factors in the individual structure of athletes, in the analysis and prediction of individual dynamics of competitive performance, to develop universal methods of individualization with the activation of awareness of various aspects of the training process.

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Section: Table 1 Results Of Regression Analysis Of "Positive" Scores'mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In European scientific tradition, which originated from antique time, there exist different theories of individuality [41,43,45,46,48], the most wide spread of which are: theory of tempers, individual distinctions by type of thinking, perception of information and so on [13,39,40,42,44,47].…”

Section: Purpose Tasks Of the Work Materials And Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The concept of individual approach in sport

Kozina

Prusik

2015

PPS

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“…The participants were grouped into four categories according to their combination of thinking styles, with high or low levels of both styles or with one prevailing style and compared in the discussed indicators. This classification of participants was inspired by some previous studies, where group membership was a result of a median split (Shiloh, Salton, & Sharabi, 2002) or a cluster analysis (Wolfradt et al, 1999) and where this membership had an effect on the studied variables that was not identified by the bivariate associations.…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Thinking Styles, Perceived Stress and Life Satisfaction

Bavoľár

2017

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This study investigates the relationship between rational and experiential thinking styles, perceived stress and life satisfaction in university students. The research sample included 259 students (56.8% females, M age = 21.57) of psychology and informatics. Lower stress and higher life satisfaction are predominantly related to the thinking style preferred by the given genderthe rational style in males and the experiential style in females. More positive results in stress and life satisfaction were observed in the groups scoring higher in both styles compared to those scoring lower in both thinking styles. The relationships between thinking style preferred by the given gender and life satisfaction are mediated by the perceived stress. The present results indicate the possibility of increasing life satisfaction through changing information processing modes.

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“…The REI-40 has been found to be reliable (Cronbach's alpha 0.74-0.91) and consistent. 8,10,[14][15][16] It involves 40 questions that are scored on a five-point Likert scale from "Definitely False" to "Definitely True." Twenty of these questions assess each thinking style (rational or experiential), of which 10 assess favourability towards a style and 10 assess ability to use a style.…”

Section: Study Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey to Determine Decision-Making Styles of Working Paramedics and Student Paramedics

Jensen

Bienkowski

Travers

et al. 2016

CJEM

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Objective: Two major processes underlie human decisionmaking: experiential (intuitive) and rational (conscious) thinking. The predominant thinking process used by working paramedics and student paramedics to make clinical decisions is unknown. Methods: A survey was administered to ground ambulance paramedics and to primary care paramedic students. The survey included demographic questions and the Rational Experiential Inventory-40, a validated psychometric tool involving 40 questions. Twenty questions evaluated each thinking style: 10 assessed preference and 10 assessed ability to use that style. Responses were provided on a five-point Likert scale, with higher scores indicating higher affinity for the style in question. Analysis included both descriptive statistics and t tests to evaluate differences in thinking style. Results: The response rate was 88.4% (1172/1326). Paramedics (n = 904) had a median age of 36 years (IQR 29-42) and most were male (69.5%) and primary or advanced care paramedics (PCP = 55.5%; ACP = 32.5%). Paramedic students (n = 268) had a median age of 23 years (IQR 21-26), most were male (63.1%) and had completed high school (31.7%) or an undergraduate degree (25.4%) prior to paramedic training. Both groups scored their ability to use and favourability toward rational thinking significantly higher than experiential thinking. The mean score for rational thinking was 3.86/5 among paramedics and 3.97/5 among paramedic students (p < 0.001). The mean score for experiential thinking was 3.41/5 among paramedics and 3.35/5 among paramedic students (p = 0.06). Conclusion: Working paramedics and student paramedics prefer and perceive that they have the ability to use rational over experiential thinking. This information adds to our current knowledge on paramedic decision-making and is potentially important for developing continuing education and clinical support tools. RÉSUMÉObjectif: Deux grands processus sous-tendent les prises de décision chez l'homme : la pensée expérientielle (intuitive) et la pensée rationnelle (consciente). Toutefois, l'on ne sait pas à quel mode de pensée recourent principalement les ambulanciers paramédicaux et les étudiants en technique paramédi-cale dans leurs prises de décision d'ordre clinique. Méthode: Une enquête a été menée parmi des ambulanciers paramédicaux et des étudiants en soins préhospitaliers de base. Le questionnaire se composait d'une collecte de données démographiques ainsi que d'un outil psychométri-que validé de 40 questions, le Rational Experiential Inventory-40 (inventaire rationnel-expérientiel). Vingt questions portaient sur chacun des modes de pensée : dix sur le mode de prédilection et dix sur la capacité d'utiliser ce mode. Les réponses étaient cotées sur une échelle de Likert à 5 points, et les scores plus élevés indiquaient une préférence pour le mode en question. Une analyse s'appuyant sur des statistiques descriptives et des tests t a été réalisée afin de faire ressortir les différences entre les modes de pensée. Résultats: Le taux de rép...

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Individual differences in rational and intuitive thinking styles as predictors of heuristic responses and framing effects

Cited by 202 publications

References 39 publications

The concept of individual approach in sport

The concept of individual approach in sport

Thinking Styles, Perceived Stress and Life Satisfaction

A Survey to Determine Decision-Making Styles of Working Paramedics and Student Paramedics

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