Individual Differences in the Structure of Color Perception

Helm, Carl E.; Tucker, Ledyard R.

doi:10.1002/j.2333-8504.1960.tb00284.x

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The basic model has been extended to include individual differences (Carroll & Chang, 1970)and to deal with dominance or preference data (see Carroll, 1972). Although these methods have been used in investigating the dimensions of perception of a wide variety of stimuli, including colors (Helm & Tucker, 1962), geometric forms (Silver, Landis, & Messick, 1966), taste of nutrients (Schiffman & Dackis, 1975), complex sounds (Howard & Silverman, 1976), adjectives (Bush, 1973), psychological concepts (Wainer & Kaye, 1974), and personal relationships (Jones & Young, 1972;Mueller, 1974), there have been very few attempts at scaling responses to visual art. Child's (1972) recent review of aesthetics contains only three references to such studies in a bibliography of 150 items.…”

Section: Multidimensional Scalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in perceived similarity and preference for visual art: A multidimensional scaling analysis

O'Hare

1976

Perception & Psychophysics

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Previous studies have shown that individuals may attend to different dimensions in making an overall judgment of similarity between complex stimuli. The present study investigated the nature of differences in the perceived similarity of reproductions of paintings by the use of multidimensional scaling techniques. Using the INDSCAL model, a group of art-trained students are shown to differ significantly from a group of nonart students in terms of their differential weighing of a set of common dimensions. The same subjects' preferences are examined in relation to these differences by use of the PREFMAP hierarchy of models. While the simplest (vector) model was found to be appropriate for almost all subjects, large differences in vector direction and average subject idealpoint location are found. Implications for future studies of responses to art are discussed.

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Section: Multidimensional Scalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in perceived similarity and preference for visual art: A multidimensional scaling analysis

O'Hare

1976

Perception & Psychophysics

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“…A third type of deviation would be systematic deviations due to discrepancies in the obtained settings and S's actual perceived distances. Helm and Tucker (1962) and Indow (1963) have reported systematic deviations from the Euclidean model which they attribute to defects in the method of measuring the psychological distances rather than the spatial model. For example, if S systematically underestimates the large distances relative to the small distances (because.…”

Section: -----------------------R=c;-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Judgments of similarity and spatial models

Hyman

Well

1967

Perception & Psychophysics

102

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In the present study we investigated judgments of similarity between pairs of objects that differed on two dimensions. We were concerned with the question that was raised by Attneave (1950): How does the overall judgment of similarity depend upon differences on the dimensional components?Since 1950, two alternative answers have been proposed. Both answers assume that [udgments of similarity can be represented by a "spatial model." The assumption of a spatial model emphasizes the perceived difference or dissimilarity between two objects rather than the perceived similarity. The perceived dissimilarity (or the complement of the judged similarity) is treated as if it has the properties of a distance metric. The additional assumption is made that the set of psychological distances between all pairs of specified objects can be embedded within an n-dimensional coordinate space. The question of which spatial model is appropriate, then, is the question of what is the form of the space in which the psychological' distances can be embedded. And this question, in turn, reduces to one about the nature of the function which relates perceived distance to perceived differences on the component dimensions. Attneave (1950) proposed the answer, on the basis of his research, that the appropriate spatial model was of a non-Euclidean form-a form which has subsequently become known as the "city block" model. According to this answer, the perceived distance between two objects can be represented as the sum of the perceived differences on the component dimensions.Torgerson (1952), following the earlier suggestion of Richardson (1938), concluded that the Euclidean space was appropriate, at least for his data. In the Euclidean model the perceived distance between two objects is related to the component differences by means of the Pythagorean theorem.These conclusions about the appropriate spatial model are based on two different types of evidence or approaches-the approach of multidimensional scaling and the approach of multidimensional psychophysics. In the scaling approach, the investigator assumes he knows the appropriate spatial model. So far this approach has restricted itself to the Euclidean model. Assuming a Euclidean space, the investigator treats the obtained judgments as distances in an n-dimensional space, and he extracts a number of dimensions sufficient to reproduce adequately the original distances. The appropriateness of the model is determined by how well these dimensions reproduce the original distances. The decision as to whether the "goodness of fit" to the model is adequate is "absolute," in that no comparison is made with a specified alternative model. If the amount of variance accounted for exceeds an arbitrary value -a value which is rarely specified in advance and for which there is no consensual standard-then the Euclidean metric is declared appropriate. In the psychophysical approach the investigator assumes he knows the component dimensions. He then attempts to directly decide which combinatorial rule or spati...

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“…Pesquisadores de diversas áreas, dentre eles psicofísi-cos e neurofi siologistas, continuam estudando os caminhos pelos quais se possa construir um espaço de cores capaz de abranger as diversas variações perceptuais da visão de cores, seja humana ou animal (Helm & Tucker, 1962;Paramei & Bimler, 2001b). Para tal, as unidades métricas de seus sistemas devem estar associadas às magnitudes de suas diferenças: a mesma distância entre quaisquer dos dois pontos representaria igual capacidade de discriminação ou igual diferença perceptual.…”

Section: A Reconstrução Dos Espaços De Coresunclassified

“…Para tal, as unidades métricas de seus sistemas devem estar associadas às magnitudes de suas diferenças: a mesma distância entre quaisquer dos dois pontos representaria igual capacidade de discriminação ou igual diferença perceptual. Esse tipo de espaço recebe o nome, por alguns autores, de espaço uniforme de cores (Helm & Tucker, 1962;Paramei & Bimler, 2001b;Paramei, Izmailov, & Sokolov, 1991;Thompson, Palácios, & Varela, 1992).…”

Section: A Reconstrução Dos Espaços De Coresunclassified

Espaço de cores

Feitosa-Santana¹,

Oiwa²,

Costa³

et al. 2006

Psicol. USP

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O artigo apresenta definições para os termos espaço de cores e sistemas de cores; classifica, de acordo com David Brainard (2003), os sistemas de cores em dois grupos: aparência de cores e diferenças de cores. Dentre os diversos sistemas de cores existentes, o artigo descreve dois deles: o sistema de cores Munsell &– um dos mais utilizados entre os sistemas de aparência de cores &– e a descrição do sistema de cores CIE 1931 &– um dos mais utilizados dentre os sistemas de diferença de cores. Faz-se uma retrospectiva histórica da busca por espaços de cores que representem a percepção de cores humana assim como as diversas reconstruções de espaços de cores por métodos eletrofisiológicos ou psicofísicos. Muitas dessas reconstruções utilizam a escala multidimensional (mds). O artigo também introduz a possibilidade da reconstrução dos espaços de cores de pacientes com discromatopsia adquirida como uma distorção do espaço de indivíduos tricromatas normais.

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Individual Differences in the Structure of Color Perception

Cited by 18 publications

References 3 publications

Individual differences in perceived similarity and preference for visual art: A multidimensional scaling analysis

Individual differences in perceived similarity and preference for visual art: A multidimensional scaling analysis

Judgments of similarity and spatial models

Espaço de cores

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