“…First, SEM is well recognized among researchers, as many of the concepts of social science are latent variables that can only be measured via observed indicators (Hair et al, 2017 , 2019 ; Latan and Noonan, 2017 ). Second, SEM is more powerful than factor analysis, path analysis, or multiple linear regression and has already been used in similar studies (Al-Jundi et al, 2019 , 2020 ; Shujahat et al, 2020 ; Ali, 2021 ; Ali et al, 2021a , b ; Wang et al, 2021a ). Third, SEM takes into consideration measurement error in the observed variables involved in a corresponding model (Fornell and Larcker, 1981 ).…”