2002
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.324.7328.16
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Individual income, income distribution, and self rated health in Japan: cross sectional analysis of nationally representative sample

Abstract: Objective To assess the effects on self rated health of individual income and income distribution in Japan. Design Cross sectional analysis. Data collected on household income, self rated health, and other sociodemographic characteristics at the individual level from comprehensive survey of the living conditions of people on health and welfare in a nationally representative sample from each prefecture. Setting Prefectures in Japan. Participants 80 899 people aged > 15 years with full records in survey. Main ou… Show more

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Cited by 204 publications
(130 citation statements)
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“…20,21 What the analyses do underscore is the importance of income in determining health status, which is in keeping with health inequalities research throughout Europe. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28] The study also shows that, when assessed using levels of self-reported ill-health, Ireland appears to be appreciably healthier than NI. This is not the picture that is obtained using other, 'objective' indicators of health status.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 63%
“…20,21 What the analyses do underscore is the importance of income in determining health status, which is in keeping with health inequalities research throughout Europe. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28] The study also shows that, when assessed using levels of self-reported ill-health, Ireland appears to be appreciably healthier than NI. This is not the picture that is obtained using other, 'objective' indicators of health status.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 63%
“…Shibuya, et al 18 reported that individual income had a stronger association with self-rated health than income inequality at the prefecture level in Japan. Lynch, et al 24 found that, in the long term, sustained low income has an impact on the onset of severe health problems.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Educational background was selected from the four initial categories (compulsory education, high school, vocational school or special school and junior college, and college or higher), and then classified into two categories: more than 12 health [15][16][17][18][19] and high mortality. [24][25][26] A study showed a stronger association of perceived health with income than occupation and education.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The results of previous studies are not necessarily compa- rable because the classification criteria for each employment status and the legal and social supports for nonregular workers vary among countries. In Japan, several studies examining the correlation between socioeconomic status (SES) and self-rated health have generally linked low SES and poor health 31,32) . However, none has investigated the relationship between employment contracts and self-rated health.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Second, the lack of information about workers' income, education, and dependents could constitute confounding biases. People with a lower SES are known to have a less desirable lifestyle and more health problems, including chronic diseases and smoking 31,32,52) . Furthermore, workers with less education represent a greater proportion of precarious workers of the same age 3) .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%