Individual‐level factors in colorectal cancer screening: a review of the literature on the relation of individual‐level health behavior constructs and screening behavior

Abstract

Compliance with colorectal cancer screening recommendations requires considerable conscious effort on the part of the individual patient, making an individual's decisions about engagement in screening an important contributor to compliance or noncompliance. The objective of this paper was to examine the effectiveness of individual-level behavior theories and their associated constructs in accounting for engagement in colorectal cancer screening behavior. We reviewed the literature examining constructs from formal models of individual-level health behavior as factors associated with compliance with screening for colorectal cancer. All published studies examining one or more constructs from the health belief model, theory of planned behavior, transtheoretical model, or social cognitive theory and their relation to screening behavior or behavioral intentions were included in the analysis. By and large, results of studies supported the theory-based predictions for the influence of constructs on cancer screening behavior. However, the evidence base for many of these relations, especially for models other than the health belief model, is quite limited. Suggestions are made for future research on individual-level determinants of colorectal cancer screening.

Determinants of participation in colorectal cancer screening among community-dwelling Chinese older people: Testing a comprehensive model using a descriptive correlational study

“…Consistent with many studies which found that recommendations from healthcare professionals were related to higher screening participation (Beydoun and Beydoun, 2008;Kiviniemi et al, 2011), we also found that cues to actions was a facilitator of CRC screening. Providing health information is expected to alleviate people's perceived negative effects of CRC on their mental status and current personal and family lives as well as to reduce their knowledge barriers in terms of health consequences and accessibility to CRC screening.…”

“…As is clearly indicated by the findings, access difficulties of screening may be an important barrier to screening among Chinese older people although the sample had a moderate level of knowledge. Such a finer classification of barriers may provide an explanation for the inconsistent findings in the literature that 80 (73.3%) out of 109 found predicted direction, 28 (25.7%) found no relation and one found opposite direction for barriers with CRC screening in a previous review (Kiviniemi et al, 2011). Nevertheless, our findings suggest that special health programmes targeting Chinese older people to promote CRC screening should include a component on increasing knowledge regarding access, financial resources, time and environmental factors relating to the screening service and the screening procedures.…”

“…Numerous studies have been conducted to examine the barriers to and the facilitators of the participation in screening for CRC, and several systematic reviews of its demographic, social and environmental determinants have been produced (Beydoun and Beydoun, 2008;Blalock et al, 1987;Guessous et al, 2010;Kiviniemi et al, 2011;Subramanian et al, 2004;Vernon, 1997). The single systematic review of 83 studies focusing on older people revealed a number of demographics (educational level, race, ethnicity, gender, marital status and living status) and variables related to health-care systems (recommendation by physicians, having a usual source of care, and lack of health insurance) were important factors relating to the uptake of CRC screening tests (Guessous et al, 2010).…”

Testing innovative strategies to reduce the social gradient in the uptake of bowel cancer screening: a programme of four qualitatively enhanced randomised controlled trials

“…the belief that screening is effective), which is a key construct in the Health Belief Model, which has been found useful in trying to predict CRC screening uptake. 229 Third, we reduced perceived barriers to screening by affirming that 'it is never too late to screen' and increased self-efficacy by offering guidance about how to seek further guidance.…”

Contextual Influences and Strategies for Dissemination and Implementation in Mental Health

“…These include the person's knowledge and beliefs about the intervention, self-efficacy, individual stage of change, individual identification with the organization, among other personal attributes (Damschroder et al, 2009). More recently, and relevant to the discussion of provider adoption of EBPs, The Integrated Model (Ajzen, 1991;Grant & Wrzesniewski, 2010;Henshaw & Freedman-Doan, 2009;Kiviniemi, Bennett, Zaiter, & Marshall, 2011) has been advanced to illuminate why some people engage in particular behaviors while others do not. The Integrated Model identifies intention to perform a behavior as a direct determinant of behavior change.…”