“…In turn, empirical evidence from the existing literature shows that it is possible for consumers to save resources and money by adopting smart meters (e.g., Darby, 2006;Alahmad et al, 2012;Vassileva et al, 2012;Gans et al, 2013;Davies et al, 2014;Liu et al, 2017;Mogles et al, 2017;Liu, Mukheibir, 2018;Montginoul and Vestier, 2018;Wemyss et al, 2019). The savings realized depend on several factors including the utility monitored (Sønderlund et al, 2016), the duration of monitoring (e.g., Köhler, 2017), as well as sociodemographic and cultural characteristics of the household's members (e. g., Ehrhardt-Martinez et al, 2010;Martinsson et al, 2011). However, several studies have questioned whether consumers experience difficulty in maintaining resource reduction in the long run (Ehrhardt-Martinez et al, 2010;Alahmad et al 2012;Schultz et al, 2015;Liu et al, 2017;Wemyss et al, 2019).…”