1996
DOI: 10.18806/tesl.v14i1.674
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Individual Variables, Literacy History, and ESL Progress Among Kurdish and Bosnian Immigrants

Abstract: This study examines the relationship between individual variables and ESL

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Cited by 4 publications
(2 citation statements)
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“…There is more to the construction of ethnic identity than traditional cultural markers, since, as Phinney, Horenczyk, Liebkind, and Vedder (2001) state, "Ethnic identity is a dynamic construct that evolves and changes in response to developmental and contextual factors" (p. 496). Two other studies specifically examine the Kurds from Iraq (Gardner, Polyzoi, & Rampaul, 1996;Miraftab, 2000). Gardner, Polyzoi, and Rampaul (1996) deal with individual variables that influenced the progress of immigrants from Iraqi Kurdistan and Bosnia who arrived in Manitoba in 1992 in ESL programs.…”
Section: Introduction and Rationalementioning
confidence: 99%
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“…There is more to the construction of ethnic identity than traditional cultural markers, since, as Phinney, Horenczyk, Liebkind, and Vedder (2001) state, "Ethnic identity is a dynamic construct that evolves and changes in response to developmental and contextual factors" (p. 496). Two other studies specifically examine the Kurds from Iraq (Gardner, Polyzoi, & Rampaul, 1996;Miraftab, 2000). Gardner, Polyzoi, and Rampaul (1996) deal with individual variables that influenced the progress of immigrants from Iraqi Kurdistan and Bosnia who arrived in Manitoba in 1992 in ESL programs.…”
Section: Introduction and Rationalementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Two other studies specifically examine the Kurds from Iraq (Gardner, Polyzoi, & Rampaul, 1996;Miraftab, 2000). Gardner, Polyzoi, and Rampaul (1996) deal with individual variables that influenced the progress of immigrants from Iraqi Kurdistan and Bosnia who arrived in Manitoba in 1992 in ESL programs. Miraftab (2000) particularly examines the obstacles that Somali and Iraqi Kurdish new immigrants and refugees living in Metropolitan Vancouver face when it comes to access to housing.…”
Section: Introduction and Rationalementioning
confidence: 99%