Individuals with controlled hypertension show endothelial integrity following a bout of moderate-intensity exercise: randomized clinical trial

Abstract

To examine the acute effects of aerobic exercise (AE), resistance exercise (RE) or combined exercise (CE) on flow-mediated dilation (FMD), progenitor cells (PCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), oxidative stress markers and endothelial-cell derived microvesicles (EMVs) in patients with hypertension. This is a randomized, parallel-group clinical trial involving an intervention of one session of three different modalities of exercise. Thirty-three males (43 ± 2y) were randomly divided into three groups: a session of AE (n = 11, 40 min, cycle ergometer, 60% HRR); a session of RE (n = 11, 40 min, 4 × 12 lower limb repetitions, 60% 1-RM); or a session of CE (n = 11, 20-min RE + 20-min AE). FMD was assessed 10 min before and 10, 40 and 70 min post-intervention. Blood samples were collected at the same time points (except 40 min). FMD were similar in all groups and from baseline (within each group) after a single exercise bout (AE, RE or CE). At 70 min, RE group showed higher levels of PCs compared to the AE (81%) and CE group (60%). PC levels were reduced from baseline in all groups (AE: 32%, p = 0.037; RE: 15%, p = 0.003; CE: 17%, p = 0.048). The levels of EPCs, EMVs and oxidative stress were unchanged. There were no acute effects of moderate-intensity exercise on FMD, EPCs, EMVs and oxidative stress, but PCs decreased regardless of the exercise modality. Individuals with controlled hypertension do not seem to have impaired vascular function in response to a single exercise bout.

A fluid-structure interaction model accounting arterial vessels as a key part of the blood-flow engine for the analysis of cardiovascular diseases

“…Proper physical exercise helps to raise the pulse rate and increase blood flow, which is beneficial to patients in a long-term ischemic state. The above discussion is consistent with recent research (Isabelle et al, 2016;Warnert et al, 2016;Campbell et al, 2019;Presa et al, 2020;Tofas et al, 2021;Waclawovsky et al, 2021).…”

Examination of Sex-Specific Participant Inclusion in Exercise Physiology Endothelial Function Research: A Systematic Review

“…Several other studies identified challenges with recruitment and retention, citing low numbers of females as part of exercise programs or where clinical conditions are more common in males compared to females. Examples of these themes are illustrated in quotes in Figure 4 (Casey et al, 2007;Currie et al, 2012;Atkinson et al, 2015;Restaino et al, 2015; Paditsaeree and Mitranun, 2018;Santos-Parker et al, 2018;Claes et al, 2020;Papadakis et al, 2020;Boidin et al, 2021;Waclawovsky et al, 2021). In examining the identification of where generalizability is limited, studies primarily highlighted that because of the sex-specific nature of the study or the lack of equal participants across sex, study findings could not be generalized to other populations.…”

Berberine: A Review of its Pharmacokinetics Properties and Therapeutic Potentials in Diverse Vascular Diseases

“…Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) mobilized from bone marrow can migrate to the peripheral blood and differentiate into mature endothelial cells, contributing to endothelial recovery ( Pyšná et al, 2019 ). One study found that EPC number and activity was significantly reduced among people with hypertension when compared to healthy individuals, and low circulating levels of EPCs may contribute to endothelial dysfunction ( Waclawovsky et al, 2021 ). Abnormal circulating EMPs and EPCs in SHRs were ameliorated by berberine treatment associated with endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness in SHRs ( Zhang et al, 2020 ).…”