Individuals with Extreme Inactivity Do Not Have Abnormal Serum Lipoprotein (a) Levels

Wa, Bauman; Rh, Adkins; Am, Spungen; Herbert, Robin; Schechter, Clyde B.; Smith, Dana R.; Bj, Kemp; Gambino, Raymond; Maloney, Patricia; Rl, Waters

doi:10.1055/s-2007-978941

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Lp(a) levels did not differ significantly between men with paraplegia and tetraplegia despite different daily physical activity and VO 2max levels. Therefore, Lp(a) levels depend more on genetic determination than on physical performance capacity or activity (29,(42)(43)(44). Women with SCI, however, showed different results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid Profiles of Persons With Paraplegia and Tetraplegia: Sex Differences

Schmid¹,

Knöebber

Vogt

et al. 2008

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine

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Background/Objective: To examine the lipoprotein profiles of men and women with paraplegia and tetraplegia. Impairment of the sympathetic nervous system (dependent on the level of injury) and the extent of physical capacity and activity were correlated with the lipid profile in men with spinal cord injury (SCI). Sex-related differences of the lipoprotein profiles could be found in nondisabled and premenopausal women with SCI mainly because of the different effects of sexual hormones. Methods: Lipoprotein profiles of 112 participants with SCI (32 premenopausal women, 80 men) were analyzed and correlated to sex, lesion level, and physical performance capacity. Results: Women with tetraplegia or paraplegia showed significantly higher levels of high-density lipoprotein and lower ratios of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol compared with men with corresponding lesion levels, without a difference in peak oxygen consumption. Concentrations of very-low-density lipoproteins were lower in women with paraplegia than in men with paraplegia; no differences were found in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and triglycerides. Sexindependent elevations in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol were associated with paraplegia, and sex-independent elevations in triglyceride levels were associated with tetraplegia. Conclusions: Persons with SCI showed sex-related differences in their lipoprotein profiles. Independent of physical fitness, the lipoprotein profile of premenopausal women with SCI did not exhibit the adverse lipoprotein characteristics observed in men with SCI, probably because of the influence of sexual hormones independent of lesion level.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid Profiles of Persons With Paraplegia and Tetraplegia: Sex Differences

Schmid¹,

Knöebber

Vogt

et al. 2008

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine

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“…103 Although ethnic differences are present for serum Lp(a), for each ethnic group there were no significant differences for this lipid fraction between persons with SCI and ablebodied controls. 103 An increased level of cardiopulmonary fitness has been demonstrated to positively influence the serum HDL cholesterol level in patients with 87,[92][93][94] or without SCI. 87,104 Inactivity, independent of lipid values or other risk factors for CHD, may be an independent risk factor for CHD.…”

Section: Lipid Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseasementioning

confidence: 82%

“…95,102 Serum lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], a potentially atherogenic and thrombogenic serum lipoprotein fraction, has a similar distribution in persons with SCI and in able-bodied controls. 103 Serum Lp(a) does not seem to be significantly affected by age, duration of SCI, or level or completeness of injury. 103 Although ethnic differences are present for serum Lp(a), for each ethnic group there were no significant differences for this lipid fraction between persons with SCI and ablebodied controls.…”

Section: Lipid Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseasementioning

confidence: 84%

“…103 Serum Lp(a) does not seem to be significantly affected by age, duration of SCI, or level or completeness of injury. 103 Although ethnic differences are present for serum Lp(a), for each ethnic group there were no significant differences for this lipid fraction between persons with SCI and ablebodied controls. 103 An increased level of cardiopulmonary fitness has been demonstrated to positively influence the serum HDL cholesterol level in patients with 87,[92][93][94] or without SCI.…”

Section: Lipid Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseasementioning

confidence: 84%

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Medical Complications After Spinal Cord Injury: Spasticity, Pain, and Endrocrine/Metabolic Changes

Ragnarsson

Stein

Spungen

et al. 2004

Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation

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Recognition and proper management of medical complications after spinal cord injury (SCI) will improve both quality of life and health. Spasticity often interferes with comfort, function, and quality of life after SCI. Spasticity can be effectively reduced by various therapies that may be applied by the pyramid approach, starting with nonpharmacologic and noninvasive methods before proceeding to treatments with systemic medications, intrathecal administration of drugs, or nerve blocks by injection of chemicals. Pain is also a common complaint after SCI but has multiple causes, and consequently diverse treatment approaches are needed. Accurate classification of pain in persons with SCI is essential to select the appropriate management and to evaluate results of treatment. In recent years, two classification systems have emerged that address nociceptive and neuropathic pain and, to various extent, categorize pain according to its location. Based on the specific pain type, different treatment strategies are subsequently selected. The abnormalities in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in persons with SCI are atherogenic. Disorders of carbohydrate metabolism occur with increased frequency in persons with SCI compared to those who are able-bodied. Persons with SCI generally have adverse body composition changes (increased adiposity and decreased lean tissue mass) and are less active than the general population, which are the determinants of insulin resistance. The deterioration in carbohydrate handling is associated with insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia. Patients with the greatest neurological deficits (complete tetraplegia) have worse carbohydrate tolerance and higher plasma insulin levels than other neurological subgroups. A low serum HDL cholesterol level is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease, and the prevalence of low serum HDL cholesterol levels is greater in persons with SCI than in those who are able-bodied. Individuals with complete, higher lesions tend to have lower levels of serum HDL cholesterol. However, men with SCI had lower serum HDL cholesterol levels than able-bodied control participants, but women with SCI did not have an adverse lipid profile. A relationship exists between insulin resistance and HDL cholesterol: the greater the insulin resistance, the lower the serum HDL cholesterol level. An indirect relationship has been demonstrated between abdominal circumference and serum HDL cholesterol levels and a direct relationship with serum triglycerides. Increased cardiopulmonary fitness has been shown to favorably affect the lipid profile. Persons with SCI should have a complete lipid profile at least once every 5 years and therapeutic intervention with diet and/or exercise should be begun, if indicated.

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“…Até mesmo com a associação da dieta ao exercício físico aeróbio regular, não foram cons-tatadas alterações benéficas nos níveis de lipoproteína(a), porém essa afirmativa não é totalmente conclusiva 43 . Quando indivíduos com incapacidade física foram comparados com indivíduos capazes fisicamente, não foram encontradas diferenças significativas dos valores de lipoproteína(a) entre os grupos, ou seja, indivíduos com extrema inatividade física não tiveram níveis significativamente diferentes de indivíduos sedentários, fisicamente capazes 44 . Entretanto, estudo recente, relacionando os níveis de atividade física pelo gasto energético em homens com histórico de doença arterial coronariana com os níveis de lipoproteína(a), constatou que, no grupo muito ativo (gasto energético >300 Kcal/dia), os valores de lipoproteína(a) foram mais baixos do que no grupo ativo (gasto energético <300Kcal/dia) 45 .…”

Section: Exercício Físico E Lipoproteína(a)unclassified

Efeitos dos exercícios físicos aeróbio e de força nas lipoproteínas HDL, LDL e lipoproteína(a)

Prado¹,

Dantas²

2002

Arq. Bras. Cardiol.

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Individuals with Extreme Inactivity Do Not Have Abnormal Serum Lipoprotein (a) Levels

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

Lipid Profiles of Persons With Paraplegia and Tetraplegia: Sex Differences

Lipid Profiles of Persons With Paraplegia and Tetraplegia: Sex Differences

Medical Complications After Spinal Cord Injury: Spasticity, Pain, and Endrocrine/Metabolic Changes

Efeitos dos exercícios físicos aeróbio e de força nas lipoproteínas HDL, LDL e lipoproteína(a)

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