Indocyanine Green-Containing Magnetic Liposomes for Constant Magnetic Field-Guided Targeted Delivery and Theranostics

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to develop magnetic liposomes (MLPSs) incorporating an agent with the ability to act both as a photosensitizer and as a fluorophore for optical imaging. We therefore aimed to develop a preparation method for indocyanine green (ICG)-containing MLPS, followed by a detailed characterization of their physicochemical and magnetic properties. The ability of intravenously administered ICG-containing MLPSs to accumulate in tissue exposed to a constant magnetic field was tested in vivo. Using the thin film hydration method, 170-nm aqueous liposomes containing magnetic nanoparticles and indocyanine green were synthesized, followed by a detailed characterization of their physicochemical properties. It was shown that ICG-containing MLPSs possess the properties of T2 contrast for MRI. Apart from this, ICG-containing MLPSs were clearly visualized using near infrared fluorescent imaging, which was demonstrated in in vivo experiments showing an accumulation of ICG-containing MLPSs in the zone of magnetic field distribution produced by a previously implanted constant magnet in the tissue. Although not directly tested in the present study, therapeutic applications of ICG-containing MLPSs include magnetic hyperthermia, as well as the photodynamic, photothermal, and photoacoustic effects of ICG. Taking into account the fact that liposomes, iron oxide nanoparticles, and ICG are all FDA-approved agents, it is highly likely that ICG-containing MLPSs could be successfully translated to clinical practice.

Indocyanine-Green-Loaded Liposomes for Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapies: Inducing Apoptosis and Ferroptosis in Cancer Cells with Implications beyond Oral Cancer

“…At present, a myriad of potential applications for liposomes encapsulating ICG are undergoing development. One approach incorporates magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles within Lipo-ICGs, thus establishing a dual-imaging medium capable of fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging [ 18 ]. However, validation of the treatment response remains to be accomplished.…”

Electrospun Magnetic Nanofiber Mats for Magnetic Hyperthermia in Cancer Treatment Applications—Technology, Mechanism, and Materials

“…Due to the magnetic and superparamagnetic properties of nanomagnetic materials, they are becoming increasingly attractive nano-devices for medical science aiming to improve diagnostic precision and the treatment of diseases, especially cancer [144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152][153][154][155][156][157]. The main sources of magnetic nanoparticles are pure metals, their oxides, or metal alloys.…”

“…Due to the magnetic and superparamagnetic properties of nanomagnetic materials they are becoming increasingly attractive nano-devices for medical science aiming to im prove diagnostic precision and the treatment of diseases, especially cancer [144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152][153][154][155][156][157]. Th main sources of magnetic nanoparticles are pure metals, their oxides, or metal alloys Therefore, due to the high magnetization and oxidation properties of pure metal, as wel as their high toxicity, metal oxide nanomaterials (such as magnetite, maghemite, and othe ferrites, including Co, Mn, Ni, Zn, and others) are preferable for biomedical application [158][159][160][161].…”