Indonesia: Coalbed Methane Indicators and Basin Evaluation

Stevens, Scott H.; Hadiyanto, Hadiyanto

doi:10.2118/88630-ms

Cited by 22 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…The correlation of seams on logs implies that lateral continuity of strata is extensive. This interpretation is concordant with that proposed by [13] and [19]. Results of log observation show that there appear at least four major coal beds, known as A1, A2, B, and C seams (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…More importantly, the deep coal seams in the islands are apparently to be the key reservoir system that currently becomes the main target for CBM exploration. Based on volumetric calculation, the South and Central Sumatra basins are inferred to have CBM prospectivity of approximately 183 tcf and 145 tcf respectively [13]. Besides, these authors reported that the Barito coal seams hold natural gas of about 120 tcf, and the Kutei basin comprises gas potential of around 51 tcf.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Studies on deep coal seams (>300 m) suggested that the country may possess the gas-inplace potential of about 213 tcf [10], [11], approximately 337 tcf [12], and around 453 tcf [13], [14]. The variety of gas content appraisal reported by those authors indicates that Indonesia's CBM is still poorly constrained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gas Content Appraisal of Shallow Coal Seams in the South Palembang Basin of South Sumatra

Asmina¹

2017

GEOMATE

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The gas content of coal seams in the South Palembang basin has been assessed using well log data and core analysis. The seams are stratigraphically exposed at shallow levels (<300 m), and present in the Late Miocene-Early Pliocene Muara Enim sequence. The coal thickness of single bed in each well varies between ~7 m and ~14 m. All samples analyzed are low rank coals, suggesting subbituminous and high volatile bituminous. Vitrinite reflectance (VR) measurements vary from 0.49-0.59%, but there appears an increase in the VR value with depth. The coals contain predominantly huminite (56-86 vol. %), whereas liptinite and inertinite are less abundant, ranging from 0.2-12.2 vol. % and 4.2-19.2 vol. % respectively. These low rank coals comprise a small number of minerals (6-11 vol. %), high moisture content of 2.4-12.6 wt. %, volatile matters of >39 wt. %, and fixed carbons of >43 wt. %. The amount of gas within individual coal layer varies from 4.1-5.3 m 3 /t, but the gas content tends to increase with deeper burial. The sum of the estimated gas-in-place is approximately 3,019x10 6 m 3 . In addition, the onset of gas generation within these near surface coals may occur due to biogenic controls during the coal-forming processes, as a result of sedimentation of the overburden in Pliocene time prior to the subsequent basin inversion commencing in the Plio-Pleistocene.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Gas Content Appraisal of Shallow Coal Seams in the South Palembang Basin of South Sumatra

Asmina¹

2017

GEOMATE

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“…Tcf of CBM resources (Stevens and Hadiyanto, 2004). The coal in the SSB ranges from in depth 300-1000 m and is mostly sub bituminous (Rv 0.4-0.5%) in rank with high vitrinite contents (> 90%) and extremely low ash yields (< 5%).…”

Section: Indonesian Cbmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal changes in microbial community composition during culture enrichment experiments with Indonesian coals

Susilawati

Evans

Esterle

et al. 2015

International Journal of Coal Geology

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Temporal changes in microbial community structures during methanogenesis were investigated in cultures of South Sumatra Basin (SSB) coalbed methane (CBM) formation water (SSB5) grown on three coals of different rank (Burung sub bituminous Rv 0.39%, Mangus sub bituminous Rv 0.5%, Mangus anthracite Rv 2.2%). Methane production accelerated from day 6, peaked around day 17 and then levelled off around day 20. The initial bacterial community from the SSB formation water was predominantly Acetobacterium, Acidaminobacter, Bacteriodes and Pelobacter species, while the archaeal community consisted of Methanosaeta, Methanosarcina and Methanobacterium members. A general pattern was observed in all cultures with the three coals.Over time the bacterial members decreased in proportion whereas the archaeal component increased. The increase in the proportion of archaeal methanogens corresponded with an increase in methane production yield. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPTEnrichment cultures produced similar communities when grown on coals from the same seam (Mangus sub bituminous and Mangus anthracite), rather than from different seams of similar type (Burung sub bituminous and Mangus sub bituminous). Methanosaeta was the dominant methanogen species in the sub bituminous Burung coal culture, but was a lesser proportion in cultures of both Mangus sub bituminous and anthracite coals where Methanosarcina species were a greater proportion. Interestingly, obligate hydrogenotrophic methanogens from the genera of Methanobacterium, which were present at low levels in culture enrichment of all coal substrates, increased in proportion only in the absence of coal in the no-coal control enrichment cultures. These results suggest that the low rank Burung sub bituminous coal favours methane production by the obligate acetoclastic Methanosaeta members while both Mangus coals also favour metabolically versatile Methanosarcina members, and the absence of coal favours hydrogenotrophic methanogens. Despite the similarity of communities grown on coals from the same seam, greater quantities of methane were generated from the lower rank coals when compared to higher rank coals.

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“…The estimated Indonesia's CBM gas in-place is over 450 Tcf. This year is estimated to produce 2.5 mmscfd which will be converted to 6.25 MW electricity (ESDM, 2012;Stevens, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indonesia’s Unconventional Resources, Modified Resource Triangle, and a Typical Example of Stimulation of Coalbed Methane Reservoir

Rachmat¹,

Pramana²,

Ayu³

2012

MAS

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Indonesia has been producing oil since 19th century and started producing 2 types of Unconventional Resources (UR) which are heavy oil since 1958 and Coal Bed Methane (CBM) since this year (2012). The concept of resource triangle was introduced by Masters and Gray in 1979 to describe the huge reserves of UR and its difficulty to be produced. A modified version had been done with a scale to exactly describe the amount of oil or gas reserve of UR. It is then linked with the stimulation techniques needed to produce them. To recover the heavy oil, thermal stimulation or recovery technique is needed to reduce its very high viscosity. Similarly, Coal Bed Methane (CBM) is also categorized as unconventional reservoirs (UR) because of its low permeability and can only be produced economically at commercial flow rates with special recovery processes or well-stimulation treatment. This paper will give a comparison study of producing CBM with and without hydraulic fracturing, a type of well-stimulation technology. The optimization procedure to select the type of water frac fluid and propping agent size and type that technically and economically suitable for CBM reservoir. The process was done using fracturing simulator and reservoir simulator for dual porosity system (CMG GEM). Fracturing simulator predicted the amount of fluid and propping agent and the resulting fracturing conductivity. Afterwards, the post-fracturing results will then be transferred to CMG-GEM, by which, using Warren and Root equation, the gas production profile is predicted and compared with its pre-fracturing results. From this study, optimum hydraulic fracture treatments is found by having the connected permeability around 5-10 Darcy. This can be accomplished by pumping enough volumes of proppant at low concentrations (6 ppa) into the fracture using less expensive fluids and distribute it uniformly.

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Indonesia: Coalbed Methane Indicators and Basin Evaluation

Cited by 22 publications

References 1 publication

Gas Content Appraisal of Shallow Coal Seams in the South Palembang Basin of South Sumatra

Gas Content Appraisal of Shallow Coal Seams in the South Palembang Basin of South Sumatra

Temporal changes in microbial community composition during culture enrichment experiments with Indonesian coals

Indonesia’s Unconventional Resources, Modified Resource Triangle, and a Typical Example of Stimulation of Coalbed Methane Reservoir

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