Indoor and outdoor air quality impacts of cooking and cleaning emissions from a commercial kitchen

Ditto, Jenna C.; Crilley, Leigh R.; Lao, Melodie; VandenBoer, Trevor C.; Abbatt, Jonathan P. D.; Chan, Arthur W. H.

doi:10.1039/d2em00484d

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Studies have also reported how oil composition and associated antioxidants can affect the yields of aldehydes, such as furfural, emitted into the gas-phase from hot oil. ,, Acrolein is another aldehyde generated from cooking oils, likely from transformations of glycerol, and has been identified in emissions from restaurants in Shanghai, especially during barbecuing activities, as well as in laboratory-style kitchen emissions experiments . Lastly, field studies also indicate that substantial quantities of ethanol are emitted by stir-fry cooking. , A chamber study of VOC and AMS emissions from meat charbroiling reported a low emission factor of acetonitrile, moderate emission rate of isoprene, and equally important emissions of toluene, benzene, and xylenes . As expected, the intensity of the cooking/combustion VOC factor rises at night, after 6 pm, and starts decreasing after 11 pm with a slight increase in the morning and around lunch time.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…109 Lastly, field studies also indicate that substantial quantities of ethanol are emitted by stir-fry cooking. 110,111 A chamber study of VOC and AMS emissions from meat charbroiling reported a low emission factor of acetonitrile, moderate emission rate of isoprene, and equally important emissions of toluene, benzene, and xylenes. 112 As expected, the intensity of the cooking/ combustion VOC factor rises at night, after 6 pm, and starts decreasing after 11 pm with a slight increase in the morning and around lunch time.…”

Section: Acs Esandt Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sources of Wintertime Atmospheric Organic Pollutants in a Large Canadian City: Insights from Particle and Gas Phase Measurements

Rivellini,

Jorga,

Wang

et al. 2024

ACS EST Air

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Although atmospheric organic pollutants have been extensively studied to elucidate summertime urban photochemical air pollution, uncertainties remain concerning the quality of wintertime air in large northern North American cities. Here, we used online mass spectrometric measurements of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and organic aerosol (OA), combined with positive matrix factorization (PMF), to identify sources of organic pollutants in downtown Toronto, Canada during February−March 2023. In some cases, comparable PMF factors were identified for both VOCs and OA, such as from traffic, cooking, and background oxygenated sources. However, VOC PMF yielded additional information, such as a factor associated with human-related emissions of VOCs. Additionally, VOC PMF yields two traffic factors: one likely related to gasoline and one to diesel use. Despite cold and relatively dark conditions, the OA and VOC oxygenated factors both grow in intensity during the daytime, indicative of photochemical activity, whereas the traffic and cooking factors were enhanced in the morning and late evening due to the timing of vehicle use, cooking, and boundary layer effects. This study illustrates the benefits that arise from the parallel source−receptor analyses of organic gases and aerosol particles.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acs Esandt Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of Wintertime Atmospheric Organic Pollutants in a Large Canadian City: Insights from Particle and Gas Phase Measurements

Rivellini,

Jorga,

Wang

et al. 2024

ACS EST Air

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…The sampling was a part of the Kitchen Organic Carbon, Emissions, Nitrogen, and Aerosols (KOCENA) study at a commercial cafeteria kitchen in September 2021 (16 days). 55 This wellventilated space (air exchange rate of 28 h −1 during operational times) 55 was equipped with UV-free LED lights on the ceiling as the only source of illumination. During this period, the measured indoor conditions were 26−32 °C temperature, ∼30% constant relative humidity, and 4−17 ppb ozone.…”

Section: Chemicals Sampling Equipment and Coatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Fate of Oils on Indoor Surfaces: Ozonolysis and Peroxidation

Zhou,

Crilley,

Ditto

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Unsaturated triglycerides found in food and skin oils are reactive in ambient air. However, the chemical fate of such compounds has not been well characterized in genuine indoor environments. Here, we monitored the aging of oil coatings on glass surfaces over a range of environmental conditions, using mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) techniques. Upon room air exposure (up to 17 ppb ozone), the characteristic ozonolysis products, secondary ozonides, were observed on surfaces near the cooking area of a commercial kitchen, along with condensed-phase aldehydes. In an office setting, ozonolysis is also the dominant degradation pathway for oil films exposed to air. However, for indoor enclosed spaces such as drawers, the depleted air flow makes lipid autoxidation more favorable after an induction period of a few days. Forming hydroperoxides as the major primary products, this radical-mediated peroxidation behavior is accelerated by indoor direct sunlight, but the initiation step in dark settings is still unclear. These results are in accord with radical measurements, indicating that indoor photooxidation facilitates radical formation on surfaces. Overall, many intermediate and end products observed are reactive oxygen species (ROS) that may induce oxidative stress in human bodies. Given that these species can be widely found on both food and household surfaces, their toxicological properties are worth further attention.

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VOC emission rates from an indoor surface using a flux chamber and PTR-MS

Huynh,

Ditto,

et al. 2024

Atmospheric Environment

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Indoor and outdoor air quality impacts of cooking and cleaning emissions from a commercial kitchen

Abstract: Gas and particulate emissions from commercial kitchens are important contributors to urban air quality. Not only are these emissions important for occupational exposure of kitchen staff, but they can also...

Cited by 7 publications

References 62 publications

Sources of Wintertime Atmospheric Organic Pollutants in a Large Canadian City: Insights from Particle and Gas Phase Measurements

Sources of Wintertime Atmospheric Organic Pollutants in a Large Canadian City: Insights from Particle and Gas Phase Measurements

Chemical Fate of Oils on Indoor Surfaces: Ozonolysis and Peroxidation

VOC emission rates from an indoor surface using a flux chamber and PTR-MS

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