Indoor Behaviour Responses of the Principal Malaria Vector, Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae), in Relation to Micro-climatic Conditions in Minna, North Central Nigeria

Olayemi, Israel Kayode; Danlami, G.; Isah, Balarabe Adamu; Odeyemi, O.M.; Ukubuiwe, Azubuike Christian; Mustapha, O.M.

doi:10.3923/jp.2011.109.115

Cited by 13 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…This has been shown at short distances of 15-20 cm in still air and along an air stream of moving water vapour towards an area of higher humidity at longer distances of about 60 cm. Whilst one cannot be certain that gravid females are attracted to water vapour, since they could be repelled from drier areas, it is more likely that attractiveness of water vapour was responsible for the strong results observed since the relative humidity in the low humidity test areas was close to 60% and above, which is similar to the relative humidity of their resting places [ 23 , 24 ]. This is supported by the results with unfed females, which did not show any preference for moving into the higher humidity cage compared to the lower humidity cage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water vapour is a pre-oviposition attractant for the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto

Okal

Francis

Herrera-Varela

et al. 2013

Malar J

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BackgroundTo date no semiochemicals affecting the pre-oviposition behaviour of the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae sensu lato have been described. Water vapour must be the major chemical signal emanating from a potential larval habitat, and although one might expect that gravid An. gambiae s.l. detect and respond to water vapour in their search for an aquatic habitat, this has never been experimentally confirmed for this species. This study aimed to investigate the role of relative humidity or water vapour as a general cue for inducing gravid An. gambiae sensu stricto to make orientated movements towards the source.MethodsThree experiments were carried out with insectary-reared An. gambiae s.s. One with unfed females and two with gravid females during their peak oviposition time in the early evening. First, unfed females and gravid females were tested separately in still air where a humidity difference was established between opposite ends of a WHO bioassay tube and mosquitoes released individually in the centre of the tube. Movement of mosquitoes to either low or high humidity was recorded. Additionally, gravid mosquitoes were released into a larger air-flow olfactometer and responses measured towards collection chambers that contained cups filled with water or empty cups.ResultsUnfed females equally dispersed in the small bioassay tubes to areas of high and low humidity (mean 50% (95% confidence interval (CI) 38-62%). In contrast, gravid females were 2.4 times (95% CI 1.3-4.7) more likely to move towards high humidity than unfed females. The results were even more pronounced in the airflow olfactometer. Gravid females were 10.6 times (95% CI 5.4-20.8) more likely to enter the chamber with water than a dry chamber.ConclusionsWater vapour is a strong pre-oviposition attractant to gravid An. gambiae s.s. in still and moving air and is likely to be a general cue used by mosquitoes for locating aquatic habitats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water vapour is a pre-oviposition attractant for the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto

Okal

Francis

Herrera-Varela

et al. 2013

Malar J

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“…Except for 1 study [35], which was at low risk, all 28 studies reviewed were at high risk of sequence generation. With baseline characteristics, only 2 studies [28,38] had unclear risk, and the remaining 27 had low risk. Concerning allocation concealment, the risk was unclear in twelve ( 12) studies [1,17,19,[24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32], while the remaining fifteen (17) studies were at high risk.…”

Section: Risk Of Bias Assessment Selection Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other sources of bias (funding source and rearing of mosquitoes) Except for eight ( 8) studies [17,24,25,28,38,40,42,44] that failed to disclose funding sources, the majority of the studies (20) declared the source of funding and funders did not influence the results. However, 1 study [43] had an unclear risk.…”

Section: Bias (Attrition and Reporting)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rearing mosquitoes in incubators from the egg or larval to the adult stages may better assess the effect of temperature on the mosquito. Nine ( 9) studies [11,12,14,15,28,34,35,37,38] were at high risk of rearing mosquitoes (Table 2). In some of these studies, adult mosquitoes were only exposed to the selected temperature regimes before outcome assessment, which may affect the study's outcome.…”

Section: Bias (Attrition and Reporting)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3.4 Effects of temperature on the life history traits of adult mosquitoes 3.4.1 Longevity Five ( 5) studies [24,26,31,38,39] assessed the longevity of different Anopheles mosquitoes from either field or laboratory populations. Olayemi et al [38]…”

Section: Bias (Attrition and Reporting)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Systematic Review of the Effects of Temperature on<em> Anopheles</em> Mosquito Development and Survival: Implications for Malaria Control in a Future Warmer Climate

Agyekum¹,

Botwe²,

Arko‐Mensah³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The rearing temperature of the immature stages can have a significant impact on the life-history traits and the ability of adult mosquitoes to transmit diseases. This review assessed published evidence of the effects of temperature on the immature stages, life-history traits, insecticide susceptibility, and expression of enzymes in the adult Anopheles mosquito. Original articles published through 31 March 2021 were systematically retrieved from Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, ProQuest and Web of Science databases. After applying eligibility criteria, 29 studies were included. The review revealed that immature stages of Anopheles arabiensis were more tolerant (in terms of survival) to a higher temperature than An. funestus and An. quadriannulatus. Higher temperatures resulted in smaller larval size and decreased hatching and pupation time. The development rate and survival of Anopheles stephensi were significantly reduced at a higher temperature than a lower temperature. Increasing temperatures decreased the longevity, body size, length of the gonotrophic cycle and fecundity of Anopheles mosquitoes. Anopheles mosquitoes exposed at 18° or 30 °C had a higher risk of dying compared to those exposed at 25 °C. Increasing temperature also significantly increased NOS expression and decreased insecticide toxicity. Both extreme low and high temperatures affect Anopheles mosquito development and survival. Climate change could have diverse effects on Anopheles mosquitoes. There seems to be inconclusive evidence of the effects of temperature on the development and survival of Anopheles species, and more studies are needed to clarify this relationship.

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Anopheles mosquitoes in Morocco: implication for public health and underlined challenges for malaria re‐establishment prevention under current and future climate conditions

Abdelkrim,

Said,

Souad

2024

Pest Management Science

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SummaryBACKGROUNDThe potential reappearance and/or expansion of vector‐borne diseases is one of the terrifying issues awaiting humanity in the context of climate change. The presence of competent Anopheles vectors, as well as suitable environmental circumstances, may result in the reemergence of autochthonous Malaria, after years of absence. In Morocco, international travel and migration movements from Malaria‐endemic areas have recently increased the number of imported cases, raising awareness of Malaria's possible reintroduction.Using Machine learning we developed model predictions, under current and future (2050) climate, for the prospective distribution of An. claviger, An. labranchiae, An. multicolor, and An. sergentii implicated or incriminated in Malaria transmission.RESULTSAll modeled species are expected to find suitable habitats and have the potential to become established in the northern and central parts of the country, under present‐day conditions. Distinct changes in the distributions of the four mosquitoes are to be expected under climate change. Even under the most optimistic scenario, all investigated species are likely to acquire new habitats that are now unsuitable, placing further populations in danger. We also observed a northward and altitudinal shift in their distribution towards higher altitudes.CONCLUSIONClimate change is expected to expand the potential range of malaria vectors in Morocco. Our maps and predictions offer a way to intelligently focus efforts on surveillance and control programs. To reduce the threat of human infection, it's crucial for public health authorities, entomological surveillance teams, and control initiatives to collaborate and intensify their actions, continuously monitoring areas at risk.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Indoor Behaviour Responses of the Principal Malaria Vector, Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae), in Relation to Micro-climatic Conditions in Minna, North Central Nigeria

Cited by 13 publications

References 2 publications

Water vapour is a pre-oviposition attractant for the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto

Water vapour is a pre-oviposition attractant for the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto

A Systematic Review of the Effects of Temperature on<em> Anopheles</em> Mosquito Development and Survival: Implications for Malaria Control in a Future Warmer Climate

Anopheles mosquitoes in Morocco: implication for public health and underlined challenges for malaria re‐establishment prevention under current and future climate conditions

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