Indoor Fungal Concentration in the Homes of Allergic/Asthmatic Children in Delhi, India

Sharma, R. L.; Deval, Ravi; Priyadarshi,; Gaur, SN; Vp, Singh; Singh, Abha

doi:10.2500/ar.2011.2.0005

Cited by 36 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Our study showed that dominant fungi recovered from nasal cavity and bedrooms of healthy volunteers were Aspergillus, Penicillium, Yeast, Alternaria and Cladosporium; these findings are in agreement with the findings of several other researches (3,(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Awad et al in Egypt reported that the most prevalent fungal organisms recovered in the air of urban and rural homes were Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Penicillium and Yeasts (24). Sharma et al in India showed that in control homes (non-asthmatic/ healthy volunteers), a similar spectrum of fungi was observed as in the homes of asthma patients, and different species of Aspergillus, Alternaria, Cladosporium, and Penicillium were the most prevalent fungi in homes of Delhi (16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nasal and Indoors Fungal Contamination in Healthy Subjects

et al. 2016

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Background: Fungi are regarded as one of causal factors of respiratory allergies and are a serious threat to public health in indoor environments. Before conclusively identifying fungi as the major causative agent of all or some types of rhinitis, we should have a good knowledge of the fungal flora of the nasal cavity and indoor building environments of healthy subjects. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the presence and relative abundance of fungal flora in the nasal cavity and bedroom of healthy subjects in Mashhad city, north east of Iran. Patients and Methods: A group of fifty healthy volunteers without a history of respiratory system diseases were selected. Samples from the nasal cavity and different parts of the bedroom including indoor air, pillow, mattress, blanket, dust of the bed, dust of the shelf and dust of the air duct were collected and cultured. The fungi were identified by standard mycological techniques. Results: The most common fungi isolated from all samples were Aspergillus, Penicillium, Yeast, Alternaria and Cladosporium. Stemphylium, Ulocladium, Stachybotrys, Basidiobolus and Exophiala showed the least frequencies among the isolated fungi. Conclusions:The presence of fungi in the nasal cavity and indoors of healthy subjects in this study suggests that fungi should be considered as health hazards. Furthermore, it is important and seems necessary to monitor indoor air quality and raise awareness of existing threats due to microorganisms, including fungi.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nasal and Indoors Fungal Contamination in Healthy Subjects

et al. 2016

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“…In our study, morphologically, 78.65% of the isolates from both groups belonged to 4 genera: Aspergillus, Penicillium, Cladosporium and Alternaria fungi which are commonly considered allergenic; these findings are in agreement with the findings of several other researchers (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). In the current study, fungi were isolated from 92% and 64% nasal cavity of healthy volunteers and patients with allergic rhinitis, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Several studies have investigated the isolation and frequency of allergen fungi in homes of healthy subjects and asthmatic/rhinitis patients (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). The studies performed in different countries provide variable results of total fungal concentration and distribution of fungal species because it basically depends on media and sampling method used, season of the year, geographical location, and living conditions as well as fungal growth substrates in different countries (26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Pollution in the Homes of Respiratory Allergic Patients in Mashhad City, Northeast Iran

Eidi

Faridhosseini

2017

Razavi Int J Med

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Background: Fungal spores are ubiquitous constituents indoors and outdoors and are now generally identified as important causes of respiratory allergies. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the frequency and prevalence of allergens with fungal origin at homes of allergic patients with respiratory symptoms in the city of Mashhad, Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a group of patients with allergic rhinitis (n = 50) were selected based on positive skin prick test. Healthy volunteers with no respiratory allergy were included in control group with the same age as diseased group. Samples from nasal cavity and different parts of bedroom were collected and cultured. The fungal agents were recognized by conventional mycological methods based on the cultural and microscopic appearance as properties. Results: Colonization with fungi was obtained in 26% -64% and 86-98% of the patient and healthy groups, respectively. Among all species isolated from specimens of the patients, A.flavus was dominant which followed by A. niger, Penicillium and Cladosporium whereas the most commonly isolated fungi from the whole specimens of healthy subjects were A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, Penicillium, Yeast, Alternaria and Cladosporium. Conclusions: Fungi can be hazardous for health. Furthermore, prevention of fungal spores' growth is important, and also identifying and determining the most common allergen fungi are key steps to provide the necessary recommendations to the patients in controlling and preventing disease.

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“…Although extensive studies are lacking, several studies support the assumption that A. fumigatus is the more abundant pathogen in the environment [40,41]. In addition, A. fumigatus conidia are more efficiently dispersed in the environment due to their higher hydrophobicity [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Differential Kinetics of Aspergillus nidulans and Aspergillus fumigatus Phagocytosis

et al. 2017

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Invasive aspergillosis mainly occurs in immunocompromised patients and is commonly caused by Aspergillus fumigatus, while A.nidulans is rarely the causative agent. However, in chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) patients, A. nidulans is a frequent cause of invasive aspergillosis and is associated with higher mortality. Immune recognition of A. nidulans was compared to A. fumigatus to offer an insight into why A. nidulans infections are prevalent in CGD. Live cell imaging with J774A.1 macrophage-like cells and LC3-GFP-mCherry bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) revealed that phagocytosis of A. nidulans was slower compared to A. fumigatus. This difference could be attributed to slower migration of J774A.1 cells and a lower percentage of migrating BMDMs. In addition, delayed phagosome acidification and LC3-associated phagocytosis was observed with A. nidulans. Cytokine and oxidative burst measurements in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells revealed a lower oxidative burst upon challenge with A. nidulans. In contrast, A. nidulans induced significantly higher concentrations of cytokines. Collectively, our data demonstrate that A. nidulans is phagocytosed and processed at a slower rate compared to A. fumigatus, resulting in reduced fungal killing and increased germination of conidia. This slower rate of A. nidulans clearance may be permissive for overgrowth within certain immune settings.

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Indoor Fungal Concentration in the Homes of Allergic/Asthmatic Children in Delhi, India

Cited by 36 publications

References 39 publications

Nasal and Indoors Fungal Contamination in Healthy Subjects

Nasal and Indoors Fungal Contamination in Healthy Subjects

Fungal Pollution in the Homes of Respiratory Allergic Patients in Mashhad City, Northeast Iran

Differential Kinetics of Aspergillus nidulans and Aspergillus fumigatus Phagocytosis

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