Indoor human detection and tracking using advanced smart floor

Activity recognition evaluation via machine learning

“…More recent research has investigated smart floors in applications ranging from entertainment [17], to elderly healthcare and monitoring [18], mental health [19], identification and tracking [20], indoor navigation [21], as well as uses as a non-human interface for robots [22] and livestock [23]. Others have looked at the intricacies of human anatomy, and in particular the feet, in regard to human computer interaction [24].…”

“…Al-Naimi & Wong [20] summarise the current paradigms of smart floors across three categories: It is easily argued that an everyday smart floor concept may require as little deviation from the current, non-smart flooring systems as possible. Taking into account inclusivity, cost, simplicity, and ubiquity, it can be further argued that non-tagged tracking architectures are mostly likely to appropriate as a floor based interface between humans and the IoT.…”

“…Taking into account inclusivity, cost, simplicity, and ubiquity, it can be further argued that non-tagged tracking architectures are mostly likely to appropriate as a floor based interface between humans and the IoT. Multimodal approaches offer greater precision but also suffer from increased complexity and higher costs [20]. Including visual elements into a multimodal approach challenges user preference and inhabitant's privacy are known to be the main weaknesses in combining tagged based approaches and machine vision [20].…”

“…Multimodal approaches offer greater precision but also suffer from increased complexity and higher costs [20]. Including visual elements into a multimodal approach challenges user preference and inhabitant's privacy are known to be the main weaknesses in combining tagged based approaches and machine vision [20]. In light of this, the research described in this paper places emphasis on non-tagged architectures.…”

Biodegradable Dual Semicircular Patch Antenna Tile for Smart Floors

“…In contrast, our antenna tile may be invisibly and robustly integrated into smart floors. It provides sufficient real-estate to incorporate electronic components, such as reaction force [8] and/or pressure sensors [9] [10], to target applications such as user identification [11] and tracking [12], walking trajectory [13] and gait analysis [14], fall or posture detection [15] [16] and elderly care [17] [18]. All required sensing and transceiver electronics may be deployed on the same antenna tile, which may wirelessly exchange sensor data with other tiles and/or a…”