Induced phenylpropanoid metabolism during suberization and lignification: a comparative analysis

Bernards, Mark A.; Susag, Lyndia M.; Bedgar, Diana L.; Anterola, Aldwin; Lewis, Norman

doi:10.1016/s0176-1617(00)80002-4

Cited by 57 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Wound-induced de novo synthesis of PAL (Zucker 1968;Bernards et al 2000;Kumar and Knowles 2003;Lulai et al 2008) contributes to the development of the suberin polyphenolic (SPP) domain (Bernards 2002;Lulai et al 2008). Consistent with the reduced wound-induced expression (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Regardless of the mechanism, age-related diVerences in wound-induced ABA content appeared to aVect the healing ability of older tubers through eVects on PAL activity and the production of suberin biopolymers. PAL activity is induced by a variety of factors that cause abiotic and biotic stress such as herbivory, drought, exposure to low temperature and wounding (Zucker 1968;Tanaka and Uritani 1976;Hahlbrock and Scheel 1989;Dixon and Paiva 1995;Bernards et al 2000;Kato et al 2000;Pociecha et al 2009). The linear rate of woundinduced increase in PAL activity (non-ABA treated discs) was nearly twofold higher in younger compared with older tubers (2.70 vs. 1.42 nmol min ¡1 mg ¡1 protein per day) over the 6-day healing interval (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age-induced loss of wound-healing ability in potato tubers is partly regulated by ABA

Kumar

Lulai

Suttle

et al. 2010

Planta

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Wounding of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers induces the development of a suberized closing layer and wound periderm that resists desiccation and microbial invasion. Wound-healing ability declines with tuber age (storage period). The mechanism of loss in healing capacity with age is not known; however, upregulation of superoxide production, increased ABA biosynthesis and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity in response to wounding are processes critical to the development of a suberized closing layer and wound periderm. Therefore, the role of ABA in modulating the age-induced loss of wound-healing ability of tubers was examined. Non-wounded older tubers had 86% less ABA (dry matter basis) than younger tubers. PAL transcript increased in younger tubers within 24 h of wounding, but transcription was delayed by 5 days in older tubers. Wound-induced PAL activity increased more rapidly in younger than older tubers. ABA treatment increased PAL expression and activity in tissue from both ages of tubers and restored the 24 h transcription time line in older tubers. Moreover, ABA treatment of wounded older tubers enhanced their resistance to water vapor loss following a 6-day wound-healing period. Wound-induced accumulation of suberin poly(phenolic(s)) (SPP) and suberin poly(aliphatic(s)) (SPA) was measurably slower in older versus younger tubers. ABA treatment hastened SPP accumulation in older tubers to match that in younger tubers, but only enhanced SPA accumulations over the initial 4 days of healing. Age-induced loss of wound-healing ability is thus partly due to reduced ability to accumulate ABA and modulate the production of SPP through PAL in response to wounding and to dysfunction in the downstream signaling events that couple SPA biosynthesis and/or deposition to ABA. ABA treatment partly restored the healing ability of older tubers by enhancing the accumulation of SPP without restoring wound-induced superoxide forming ability to the level of younger tubers. The coupling of phenolic monomers into the poly(phenolic) domain of suberin was therefore not limited by the diminished wound-induced superoxide production of older tubers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-induced loss of wound-healing ability in potato tubers is partly regulated by ABA

Kumar

Lulai

Suttle

et al. 2010

Planta

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“…And extensin molecules can interlock separated microWbrils to reinforce cell wall architecture subsequent to cell growth (Buchanan et al2000). Although phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) is often categorized as a regulatory enzyme of Xavonoid biosynthesis, it is included in the cell wall modiWcation grouping (Table 3) because PAL functions to catalyze the biosynthesis of the plant cell wall constituents lignin (Humphreys and Chapple 2002;Boerjan et al 2003) and suberin (Bernards et al 2000); and PAL down regulation appears contrary to the gene expression patterns of all other identiWed Xavonoid synthesis enzymes with plant exposed to GB03 VOCs (supplementary data). The down regulation of PAL (At3g10340) may well result in reduced lignin (and in turn cell wall rigidity) as has been reported by Anterola and Lewis (2002).…”

Section: Gb03 Vocs Induce Leaf Cell Enlargementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhizobacterial volatile emissions regulate auxin homeostasis and cell expansion in Arabidopsis

Zhang

Kim

Krishnamachari

et al. 2007

Planta

440

338

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Certain plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), in the absence of physical contact with a plant stimulate growth via volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions, through largely unknown mechanisms. To probe how PGPR VOCs trigger growth in plants, RNA transcript levels of Arabidopsis seedlings exposed to Bacillus subtilus (strain GB03) were examined using oligonucleotide microarrays. In screening over 26,000 protein-coded transcripts, a group of approximately 600 differentially expressed genes related to cell wall modifications, primary and secondary metabolism, stress responses, hormone regulation and other expressed proteins were identified. Transcriptional and histochemical data indicate that VOCs from the PGPR strain GB03 trigger growth promotion in Arabidopsis by regulating auxin homeostasis. Specifically, gene expression for auxin synthesis was up regulated in aerial regions of GB03-exposed plants; auxin accumulation decreased in leaves and increased in roots with GB03 exposure as revealed in a transgenic DR5::GUS Arabidopsis line, suggesting activation of basipetal auxin transport. Application of the auxin transport inhibitor 1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA) restricted auxin accumulation to sites of synthesis thereby preventing GB03-mediated decreases in shoot auxin levels as well as thwarting GB03-mediated growth promotion. In addition, microarray data revealed coordinated regulation of cell wall loosening enzymes that implicated cell expansion with GB03 exposure, which was confirmed by comparative cytological measurements. The discovery that bacterial VOCs, devoid of auxin or other known plant hormones regulate auxin homeostasis and cell expansion provides a new paradigm as to how rhizobacteria promote plant growth.

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“…These activated hydroxy-cinnamic acids serve as building blocks for numerous secondary compounds including flavonoids or anthocyanins (5,6), lignin (7), and other phenolic products (8 -10) which fulfill diverse functions as phytoalexins, cell wall components, UV protectants, flavor and defense compounds, or pigments. Since 4CL is involved in lignification, a pathway found in practically all plants, this enzyme has been extensively characterized from numerous plant species, and many variants of this gene are available (11)(12)(13).…”

Section: Coamentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic Synthesis and Purification of Aromatic Coenzyme A Esters

Beuerle

Pichersky

2002

Analytical Biochemistry

134

124

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Induced phenylpropanoid metabolism during suberization and lignification: a comparative analysis

Cited by 57 publications

References 28 publications

Age-induced loss of wound-healing ability in potato tubers is partly regulated by ABA

Age-induced loss of wound-healing ability in potato tubers is partly regulated by ABA

Rhizobacterial volatile emissions regulate auxin homeostasis and cell expansion in Arabidopsis

Enzymatic Synthesis and Purification of Aromatic Coenzyme A Esters

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