Induced resistance by oxidative shifts in pigeonpea (<i>Cajanus cajan</i> L.) following <i>Helicoverpa armigera</i> (Hübner) herbivory

Kaur, Ramanjeet; Gupta, Anil Kumar; Taggar, Gaurav Kumar

doi:10.1002/ps.3851

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…However, we detected levels of PPO activity in the resistant progenies (52.12 ± 7.14 units) to be more than two-fold higher than the activity in either the tolerant (23.130 ± 2.94 units) or susceptible saplings (24.845 ± 0.194 units), suggesting a role for this enzyme in resistance to P. lata-induced galling. This is consistent with the finding in pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.), where genotypes resistant to Helicoverpa armigera infestation were found to have significantly higher PPO activity than in susceptible genotypes (Kaur et al, 2015). Thus, increased levels of PPO can be correlated with increased resistance to P. lata-induced galling in Milicia spp.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Levels of polyphenol oxidase activity in leaves of Milicia seedlings is indicative of the resistance to Phytolyma lata‐induced gall disease

Dorleku

Gbewonyo

2021

Agri and Forest Entomology

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Phytolyma lata-induced galling has remained one of the foremost challenges limiting the regeneration of Milicia species in nurseries and degraded forests in West Africa. Although planting of Milicia progenies resistant to Phytolyma attack has been identified as an opportunity for long-term control of the pest, the absence of biomarkers for early detection of resistance has limited the selection of resistant seedlings for planting. 2 We compared phenolic metabolites and oxidative enzymes in resistant and susceptible Milicia progenies with the aim of identifying potential biomarkers for resistance to Phytolyma-induced galling in seedlings. 3 Levels of total phenolics and ortho-dihydroxyphenolics did not significantly differ between the susceptible and resistant saplings or among seedlings. Similarly, peroxidase activity did not differ among sapling progenies or among seedlings. Thus, no clearly defined role could be ascribed to phenolics and peroxidase in resistance of Milicia species to P. lata-induced galling. However, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity was over two-fold higher in the resistant than the tolerant or susceptible progenies, suggesting that higher levels of PPO activity corresponded with an increased level of resistance to galling. 4 With further validation, PPO activity in leaves of Milicia seedlings can be used as a biomarker of resistance to Phytolyma-induced galling.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Levels of polyphenol oxidase activity in leaves of Milicia seedlings is indicative of the resistance to Phytolyma lata‐induced gall disease

Dorleku

Gbewonyo

2021

Agri and Forest Entomology

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“…These enzymes control the accumulation of H 2 O 2 and their activity is positively correlated with the intensity and duration of stress in plant cells [57]. Kaur et al [58] found that moderately resistant pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.) genotypes exhibited a decrease in MDA content, while moderately susceptible genotypes showed an increase in MDA content in the pod wall following Helicoverpa armigera (Hüb.) feeding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poplar Tree Response to Feeding by the Petiole Gall Aphid Pemphigus spyrothecae Pass

Kot

Kmieć

2020

Insects

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Pemphigus spyrothecae Pass. which is a member of the subfamily Pemphiginae is one of the gall-inducing aphids that occurs on poplar trees. Phloem feeding of a founding mother on leaf petiole results in the formation of a new organ, i.e., the spiral gall. This study documents aphid development inside the galls during the growing season and the effect of their feeding on leaf architecture and physiology of the host plant. In particular, leaf length, width, and area were measured, as well as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, electrolyte leakage (EL), malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, and the activity of ascorbate (APX) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) were determined in galls and galled leaves. The presence of petiole galls significantly decreased the length, width, and leaf area. Aphid activity increased H2O2 concentration in galls and EL from galls and leaf tissues, which was accompanied by a strong decrease in MDA content and both peroxidase activities, especially in gall tissues. It can be suggested that P. spyrothecae can manipulate physiological machinery of the host plant for its own benefit.

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“…For example, several studies show that elevated O 3 enhanced the concentration of lignin, a key secondary metabolite determining the palatability of biomass to insects (66). Secondary metabolites play important roles in the defense of plants against herbivores by deterring feeding and reducing digestibility by being toxic at high concentrations (2,(67)(68)(69)(70)(71) but may also attract herbivores at lower concentrations (70,72). Elevated O 3 doses that exceed the toxicological threshold inhibit photosynthesis and thus the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, whereas low O 3 doses that are below the toxicological threshold stimulate defensive signaling pathways and induce the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites (21,73).…”

Section: Plant-insect Interactions: Is Insect Community Composition A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone affects plant, insect, and soil microbial communities: A threat to terrestrial ecosystems and biodiversity

et al. 2020

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Elevated tropospheric ozone concentrations induce adverse effects in plants. We reviewed how ozone affects (i) the composition and diversity of plant communities by affecting key physiological traits; (ii) foliar chemistry and the emission of volatiles, thereby affecting plant-plant competition, plant-insect interactions, and the composition of insect communities; and (iii) plant-soil-microbe interactions and the composition of soil communities by disrupting plant litterfall and altering root exudation, soil enzymatic activities, decomposition, and nutrient cycling. The community composition of soil microbes is consequently changed, and alpha diversity is often reduced. The effects depend on the environment and vary across space and time. We suggest that Atlantic islands in the Northern Hemisphere, the Mediterranean Basin, equatorial Africa, Ethiopia, the Indian coastline, the Himalayan region, southern Asia, and Japan have high endemic richness at high ozone risk by 2100.

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Induced resistance by oxidative shifts in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) following Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) herbivory

Abstract: The increase in activities of PPO, DAO, PAO, PAL and TAL and higher proline and lower MDA content upon herbivory suggested their integrated contribution in providing resistance to pigeonpea against H. armigera.

Cited by 15 publications

References 49 publications

Levels of polyphenol oxidase activity in leaves of Milicia seedlings is indicative of the resistance to Phytolyma lata‐induced gall disease

Levels of polyphenol oxidase activity in leaves of Milicia seedlings is indicative of the resistance to Phytolyma lata‐induced gall disease

Poplar Tree Response to Feeding by the Petiole Gall Aphid Pemphigus spyrothecae Pass

Ozone affects plant, insect, and soil microbial communities: A threat to terrestrial ecosystems and biodiversity

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