Inducing porosity in xylose-derived FeNC electrocatalysts for alkaline oxygen reduction

Abstract

Iron-nitrogen-carbon (FeNC) electrocatalysts are emerging as a low-cost alternative to Pt-based materials for electrochemical oxygen reduction at the cathode of alkaline exchange membrane hydrogen fuel cells. The valorisation of waste...

Ligninsulfonate-Derived Porous Sulfonated Carbon Using Templating Method for the Alkylation of Hemicellulose-Derived Furfurals to Biodiesel Precursors

“…52,53 The intensity ratio of the D and G bands (I D /I G ) is indicative of the graphitization level of the sulfonated carbon. 54,55 A higher ratio suggests a greater degree of disorder in the carbon material, while a lower ratio indicates better graphitization. Notably, the I D /I G ratio for SC-NO 3 is 0.93, which is significantly higher than those of the other four types of sulfonated carbon, suggesting that the structure of SC-NO 3 is more disordered and possesses more defects.…”

“…Raman spectroscopy was employed to further analyze the carbon feature of SC catalysts, as shown in Figure b, and all the SC catalysts exhibited two characteristic peaks. One is known as the D band at 1350 cm –1 and indicates local defects in the carbon structure. , The other one refers to the G band at 1580 cm –1 , which arises from the planar vibrations of sp 2 hybridized carbon atoms within the graphite layers. , The intensity ratio of the D and G bands ( I D / I G ) is indicative of the graphitization level of the sulfonated carbon. , A higher ratio suggests a greater degree of disorder in the carbon material, while a lower ratio indicates better graphitization. Notably, the I D / I G ratio for SC-NO 3 is 0.93, which is significantly higher than those of the other four types of sulfonated carbon, suggesting that the structure of SC-NO 3 is more disordered and possesses more defects.…”