Induction and Characterization of Tetraploids from Seeds of<i>Bletilla striata</i>(Thunb.) Reichb.f.

Li, Meiya; Ding, Bin; Huang, Weipeng; Pan, Jieli; Ding, Zhongxiang; Jiang, Fusheng

doi:10.1155/2018/3246398

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In vitro polyploidization has a significant role in boosting vigor and metabolite contents in medical plants (Salma et al, 2017), such as overaccumulated shihunidine content in tetraploid PLBs of Dendrobium hybrid (Grosso et al, 2018), higher polysaccharide and phenolic compounds in tetraploid pseudobulbs of Bletilla striata (Li et al, 2018b), richer stevioside in mixoploids leaves of Stevia rebaudiana (Hegde et al, 2015), and superior baicalin content in tetraploid roots of Scutellaria baicalensis (Gao et al, 2002). Polysaccharide is the major active component in D. officinale , and it has an important role in healing some diseases Xie et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Morphological Characteristics, Regeneration Ability, and Polysaccharide Content in Tetraploid Dendrobium officinale

Pham¹,

Li²,

Guo³

et al. 2019

horts

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Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo is a famous traditional Chinese medicinal plant. It produces various phytochemicals, particularly polysaccharides, which have nutraceutical and pharmaceutical values. To increase its biomass production and polysaccharide content, our breeding program has generated a series of polyploid cultivars through colchicine treatment of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs). The present study compared two tetraploid cultivars, 201-1-T1 and 201-1-T2, with their diploid parental cultivar, 201-1, in an established in vitro culture system. Tetraploid ‘201-1-T1’ and ‘201-1-T2’ had shorter leaves and shorter and thicker stems and roots, and they produced higher biomass compared with the diploid cultivar. The length and width of stomata significantly increased, but stomatal density decreased in tetraploid cultivars. The PLB induction rates from the stem node explants of the tetraploid cultivars were significantly higher than those of diploid. However, the PLB proliferation of tetraploids was lower than that of the diploid. The mean number of plantlets regenerated from tetraploid PLBs was also lower than that of the diploid after 4 months of culture. Polysaccharide contents in stems, leaves, and roots of 6-month-old tetraploid plantlets were significantly higher than those of diploids. The polysaccharide content in the stem of ‘201-1-T1’ was 12.70%, which was a 2-fold increase compared with the diploid cultivar. Our results showed that chromosome doubling could be a viable way of improving D. officinale in biomass and polysaccharide production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Morphological Characteristics, Regeneration Ability, and Polysaccharide Content in Tetraploid Dendrobium officinale

Pham¹,

Li²,

Guo³

et al. 2019

horts

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“…Generally, polyploidy is associated with a higher leaf size, thicker leaves and stem diameter, shorter internodes and superior agronomic traits ('giga' effects) as compared to their diploid counterparts (Li et al, 2018;Luo et al, 2018;Eng and Ho, 2019). These changes caused by polyploidization led to the tendency of plant breeders to test chromosome doubling as an efficient breeding tool (Sattler et al, 2016;Corneillie et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polyploidy has an effect on biosynthesis pathways and gene expression (Dhooghe et al, 2010;Sattler et al, 2016;Salma et al, 2017;Zhang et al, 2018). Polyploids may have bigger inflorescences, larger and thicker leaves and stems, larger pollen, a higher biomass, higher concentration of secondary metabolites, and better tolerance to environmental stress (Mori et al, 2016;Li et al, 2018;Luo et al, 2018;Eng and Ho, 2019). Polyploidy has led to an increase in secondary metabolites in medicinal plants in two ways: first, by the increase of biomass in chromosome doubled plants, and second, by the increase in number of gene copies related to the pathways of the secondary metabolites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Chromosome Doubling in Allotetraploid Calendula officinalis

et al. 2020

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Calendula officinalis L. is known as an ornamental plant as well as a source of biochemical compounds used in cosmetics and industry. C. officinalis has a complex karyotype. Published chromosome numbers differ between 2n = 4x = 28 or 32. We have estimated genome sizes in nine commercial cultivars and evaluated the ploidy level by karyotyping and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) using 5S and 45S rDNA loci. The detection of chromosome sets of two rather than four homologues would suggest that C. officinalis has an allotetraploid background. In addition, four signals for 45S but only two for 5S were found by using FISH. Artificial chromosome doubling is a common technique in plant breeding, as polyploidization results in several consequences for plant growth and development. Especially the suggested allotetraploid background in C. officinalis is interesting when examining the effect of chromosome doubling on the plant phenotype. Here we describe chromosome doubling of three allotetraploid cultivars of C. officinalis, 'Nova,' 'WUR 1553-7' and 'Orange Beauty'. Three antimitotic agents-colchicine, oryzalin and trifluralin-were used in different concentrations to find the combination of the best agent and the best dosage to obtain octaploids. For all three cultivars a few octaploids were obtained. A concentration of 200 and 400 ppm of colchicine was most efficient for chromosome doubling in 'Nova' and 'Orange Beauty,' respectively. For 'WUR 1553-7' the treatment with 20 ppm oryzalin was also effective. Cell numbers and first observations of the phenotype in the chromosome doubled plants show thicker leaves and bigger cells, as commonly observed after ploidy doubling. Due to the low number of chromosome doubled plants obtained more elaborate phenotyping will be performed on following generations cultivated under field conditions.

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“…Reichb. MSL + colchicine; dark at 25 ± 2 °C Seed Colchicine; 0.1%; 7 d Diploid➔tetraploid (2n=4x=64) Increase in total phenolics (1.6 folds) [ 49 ] Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F.) wall.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induced autopolyploidy—a promising approach for enhanced biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites: an insight

Gantait

Mukherjee

2021

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

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Background Induced polyploidy serves as an efficient approach in extricating genetic potential of cells. During polyploidization, multiple sets of chromosomes are derived from the same organism resulting in the development of an autopolyploid. Alterations owing to artificially induced polyploidy level significantly influence internal homeostatic condition of resultant cells. Main text Induced autopolyploidy transpires as a result of an increase in the size of genome without any change in elementary genetic material. Such autopolyploidy, artificially induced via application of antimitotic agents, brings about a lot of beneficial changes in plants, coupled with very few detrimental effects. Induced autopolyploids exhibit superior adaptability, endurance to biotic and abiotic stresses, longer reproductive period and enzyme diversity coupled with enhanced rate of photosynthesis and gene action in comparison to their diploid counterparts. However, reduced rate of transpiration and growth, delay in flowering are some of the demerits of autopolyploids. Inspite of these slight unfavourable outcomes, induced autopolyploidization has been utilized in an array of instances wherein genetic improvement of plant species is concerned, since this technique usually boosts the biomass of concerned economic parts of a plant. In other way, it is also evident that multiplication of genome bestows enhanced production of secondary metabolites, which has contributed to a significant commercial value addition especially for plants with medicinal importance, in particular. Conclusion This review makes an attempt to explore the system and success of antimitotic agents vis-à-vis artificial autopolyploidization, interfered with the biosynthesis-cum-production of secondary metabolites having cutting-edge pharmaceutical importance.

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Induction and Characterization of Tetraploids from Seeds ofBletilla striata(Thunb.) Reichb.f.

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

Changes in Morphological Characteristics, Regeneration Ability, and Polysaccharide Content in Tetraploid Dendrobium officinale

Changes in Morphological Characteristics, Regeneration Ability, and Polysaccharide Content in Tetraploid Dendrobium officinale

Artificial Chromosome Doubling in Allotetraploid Calendula officinalis

Induced autopolyploidy—a promising approach for enhanced biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites: an insight

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