Induction melted AB 2 -type metal hydrides for hydrogen storage and compression applications

Pickering, Lydia; Lototskyy, Mykhaylo; Davids, Moegamat Wafeeq; Sita, Cordellia; Linkov, Vladimir

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2017.12.378

Cited by 40 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Although Zr‐Fe based alloys have the higher hydrogen desorption plateau pressures, but the hydrogen storage capacities are relatively small due to the heavy atomic weight of Zr . Ti‐Cr based alloy is suitable for developing the hydrogen storage alloys applied in a high‐pressure hydrogen metal hydride tank due to its high capacity and excellent kinetics . For example, Ti 1.1 CrMn alloy has a maximum effective hydrogen storage capacity of about 1.8 wt% .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The (TiZr) x Cr 2 − y − z Mn y M z (M = Fe, Ni, V, Cu, or two elements mentioned above) alloys were developed with the capacities about 1.7 to 2.2 wt%. However, because of high content of Ti + Zr, the P d was relatively low, and the cost was relatively high due to Zr and V . Guo et al found the partially replacing Mn by Fe in Ti x CrMn could increase the hydrogen absorption and desorption plateau pressure .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[11][12][13][14][15] The hydrogen storage alloy is critical for the hydrogen storage system. Many hydrogen storage alloys had been investigated, including AB 5 , 16 A 2 B 7 , 17 AB 3 , 17,18 AB, 19 AB 2 , 20,21 and light metal Mg system alloy. 3,22,23 Typically, the AB 5 -type alloys are composed of expensive rare earth metal and Ni.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30,36 Ti-Cr based alloy is suitable for developing the hydrogen storage alloys applied in a high-pressure hydrogen metal hydride tank due to its high capacity and excellent kinetics. 21,37 For example, Ti 1.1 CrMn alloy has a maximum effective hydrogen storage capacity of about 1.8 wt%. 38 Shibuya et al developed the Ti-V-Mn alloys with the capacity about 1.9 wt% under hydrogen pressures ranging from 35 to 0.1 MPa, but its plateau slope was not good enough, and the alloys have a large amount of highly cost element such as V. 39 The Ti 1 − x Sc x CrMn alloys containing the expensive element Sc were developed, which were not suitable for commercial application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…40 The (TiZr) x Cr 2 − y − z Mn y M z (M = Fe, Ni, V, Cu, or two elements mentioned above) alloys were developed with the capacities about 1.7 to 2.2 wt%. However, because of high content of Ti + Zr, the P d was relatively low, and the cost was relatively high due to Zr and V. 3,20,21,41 Guo et al found the partially replacing Mn by Fe in Ti x CrMn could increase the hydrogen absorption and desorption plateau pressure. 42 Chen et al [43][44][45][46] developed a series of Cr-rich of Ti x (CrFeMn) 2 alloys which have higher P d about 45 MPa at 318 K. However, the reversible hydrogen storage capacities of the Ti x Cr 1.2 Fe 0.6 Mn 0.2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0), Ti 1.0 Cr 1.4 − y Fe 0.6 Mn y (0.1 ≤ y ≤ 0.3) alloys are all less than 1.5 wt% and even less (1.2 wt%), whereas the hydrogen desorption plateau slope of Ti 1.04 Cr 1.1 Fe 0.6 Mn 0.3 alloy (reversible hydrogen storage capacity, 1.55 wt%) is higher than 0.5.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High‐pressure hydrogen storage properties of Ti _x Cr _1 − y Fe _y Mn _1.0 alloys

Jiang

et al. 2019

Int J Energy Res

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Summary TixCr1 − yFeyMn1.0 (x = 1.02, 1.05, 1.1, 0.05 ≤ y ≤ 0.25) alloys were prepared by plasma arc melting and annealing at 1273 K for 2 hours. The XRD results show that the main phase of all alloys is the C14 type Laves phase, and a little secondary phase exists in a mixture of the binary alloy phase. The lattice parameters increase with Ti super‐stoichiometry ratio increasing, whereas smaller lattice parameters emerge with increasing Fe stoichiometry content. Additionally, as the Ti super‐stoichiometry ratio decreases, the pressure‐composition‐temperature measurements indicated that hydrogen absorption and desorption plateau pressures of TixCr0.9Fe0.1Mn1.0 (x = 1.1, 1.05, 1.02) alloys increase from 3.15, 0.67, to 5.94, 1.13 MPa at 233 K, respectively. On the other hand, with the Fe content increasing in Ti1.05Cr1 − yFeyMn1.0 (0.1 ≤ y ≤ 0.25) alloys from 0.1 to 0.25, the hydrogen desorption plateau pressures increased from 1.41 to 2.46 MPa at 243 K. The hydrogen desorption plateau slopes reduce to 0.2 with Ti super‐stoichiometry ratio decreasing to 1.02, but the alloys are very difficult to activate for hydrogen absorption and cannot activate when the Fe substituting for Cr exceeds 0.2. The maximum hydrogen storage capacities were more than 1.85 wt% at 201 K. The reversible hydrogen storage capacities can remain more than 1.55 wt% at 271 K. The enthalpy and entropy for all hydride dehydrogenation are in the range of 21.0 to 25.5 kJ/mol H2 and 116 to 122 J mol−1 K−1, respectively. Our results suggest that Ti1.05Cr0.75Fe0.25Mn1.0 alloy with low enthalpy holds great promise for a high hydrogen pressure hybrid tank in a hydrogen refueling station (45 MPa at 333 K), and the other alloys of low cost may be used for a potable hybrid tank due to high dissociation pressure at 243 K and high volumetric density exceeding 40 kg/m3.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High‐pressure hydrogen storage properties of Ti _x Cr _1 − y Fe _y Mn _1.0 alloys

Jiang

et al. 2019

Int J Energy Res

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Effects of V doping on microstructure, kinetic, and thermodynamic characteristics of Zr _{50‐
x} V _x Co ₅₀ ( x = 0, 2.5, 3.5, and 5.0) hydrogen storage alloys

Liang

Wang

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary To improve the kinetic properties of the ZrCo alloy, Zr50‐xVxCo50 (x = 0, 2.5, 3.5, and 5.0) samples were fabricated by vacuum arc‐melting. The effects of the V substitution on the microstructure, hydrogen absorption/desorption kinetics, cycling stability, and antidisproportionation properties of ZrCo were systematically investigated. X‐ray diffraction results show that the Zr50‐xVxCo50 (x = 2.5, 3.5, and 5.0) alloys consisted of ZrCo phase and ZrV0.24Co1.76 second phase. The lattice parameter and cell volume gradually decreased with the increase in the V content. The initial activation behavior was improved for the Zr50‐xVxCo50 (x = 2.5, 3.5, and 5.0) samples because of the catalytic effect of the ZrV0.24Co1.76 second phase. Additionally, the equilibrium pressure of hydrogen absorption increased and the plateau width decreased with the increase in the V content. To obtain thermodynamic and kinetic data, ΔH and Ea were calculated using the Van't Hoff equation and Kissinger equation. ΔH of the Zr50‐xVxCo50 (x = 0, 2.5, 3.5, and 5.0)‐H system was reduced from 90.12 to 72.52 kJ·mol−1, while Ea of ZrCoH3 decreased from 113.38 ± 4.2 to 94.13 ± 2.9 kJ·mol−1 for hydrogen desorption, which is beneficial for the hydrogenation/dehydrogenation reaction. Furthermore, the cycling stability and antidisproportionation properties were enhanced after the V addition, particularly for the Zr47.5V2.5Co50 alloy exhibiting an excellent initial activation behavior.

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Thermally driven hydrogen compression using metal hydrides

Lototskyy

Linkov

2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary Hydrogen compression is a major contributor to capital costs and maintenance hours in the infrastructure related to storage, distribution and end‐use of hydrogen. Conventionally used mechanical hydrogen compressors have a number of disadvantages including a complicated design, insufficient reliability, high operating costs, a probability of hydrogen leakage and hydrogen contamination. A promising alternative is a thermally driven metal hydride hydrogen compressor (MHHC) whose operation is based on the reversible interaction of hydride‐forming alloys with hydrogen gas. MHHCs have a number of advantages including practically unlimited (up to several kbars) discharge pressure, good scalability (from several normal litres to tens normal cubic metres of hydrogen per an hour), modular design, simplicity in service and operation, as well as high purity of the delivered hydrogen and a possibility to use low‐grade heat. MHHC does not contain moving parts that simplifies its design, increases reliability, and eliminates noise and vibration. This article overviews applied R&D activities related to the thermally driven hydrogen compression using metal hydrides. The focus is put on the interrelation between properties of metal hydride materials and their hydrogen compression performances, first of all, operating pressure ‐ temperature range, process productivity, and efficiency. Typical design features of the hydrogen compression systems and ways of their optimization are considered. A brief techno‐economic analysis of the MHHCs benchmarked against alternative hydrogen compression technologies (mechanical and electrochemical) is presented as well. Finally, promising application niches of the MHHCs are outlined.

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Induction melted AB 2 -type metal hydrides for hydrogen storage and compression applications

Cited by 40 publications

References 20 publications

High‐pressure hydrogen storage properties of Ti _x Cr _1 − y Fe _y Mn _1.0 alloys

High‐pressure hydrogen storage properties of Ti _x Cr _1 − y Fe _y Mn _1.0 alloys

Effects of V doping on microstructure, kinetic, and thermodynamic characteristics of Zr _{50‐
x} V _x Co ₅₀ ( x = 0, 2.5, 3.5, and 5.0) hydrogen storage alloys

Thermally driven hydrogen compression using metal hydrides

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Induction melted AB 2 -type metal hydrides for hydrogen storage and compression applications

Cited by 40 publications

References 20 publications

High‐pressure hydrogen storage properties of Ti x Cr 1 − y Fe y Mn 1.0 alloys

High‐pressure hydrogen storage properties of Ti x Cr 1 − y Fe y Mn 1.0 alloys

Effects of V doping on microstructure, kinetic, and thermodynamic characteristics of Zr 50‐ x V x Co 50 ( x = 0, 2.5, 3.5, and 5.0) hydrogen storage alloys

Thermally driven hydrogen compression using metal hydrides

Contact Info

Product

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About

High‐pressure hydrogen storage properties of Ti _x Cr _1 − y Fe _y Mn _1.0 alloys

High‐pressure hydrogen storage properties of Ti _x Cr _1 − y Fe _y Mn _1.0 alloys

Effects of V doping on microstructure, kinetic, and thermodynamic characteristics of Zr _{50‐
x} V _x Co ₅₀ ( x = 0, 2.5, 3.5, and 5.0) hydrogen storage alloys