Induction Motor Stator Winding Inter-Tern Short Circuit Fault Detection Based on Start-Up Current Envelope Energy

Abstract

Inter-turn short circuit (ITSC) is a common fault in induction motors. However, it is challenging to detect the early stage of ITSC fault. To address this issue, this paper proposes an ITSC fault detection method for three-phase induction motors based on start-up current envelope energy. This approach uses Akima interpolation to calculate the envelope of the measured start-up current of the induction motor. A Gaussian window weighting is applied to eliminate endpoint effects caused by the initial phase angle, and the enveloping energy is obtained using the energy formula as the fault feature. Finally, by combining this with the support vector machine (SVM) classification learner, fault detection of ITSC in induction motors is achieved. The experimental results show that the average accuracy of this method reaches 96.9%, which can quickly and accurately detect ITSC faults in asynchronous motors and determine the severity of the faults. Furthermore, the average accuracy of SVM in detecting early ITSC faults under no-load conditions is 98.8%, which is higher than other classification learners, including LR, KNN, and NN. This study provides a new idea for induction motor fault detection and can contribute to induction motor maintenance.

Review of Fault Diagnosis Methods for Induction Machines in Railway Traction Applications

“…Line currents Arithmetic differences using RMS values Stator short circuits [11] Mechanical vibrations Mean + σ + RMS + Peak to peak + Skewness + Kurtosis BRBs [12] Stray flux Indicator based on the autocovariance function BRBs [13] Mechanical vibrations Kurtosis + negative log-likelihood value Rolling element in the bearings [14] Start-up current Akima interpolation Inter-turn short circuit [15] Three-phase currents Extended Park's vector approach BRBs [17] Stator current Park's vector approach Inter-turn short circuit [18] Line current Symmetrical components analysis Inter-turn short circuit [19] Line current Symmetrical components analysis Inter-turn short circuit, phase-to-phase, and single-phase-to-ground faults [21]…”

“…Statistical analysis in the time domain allowed the identification of stator short-circuit faults [11], rotor faults [12,13] and bearing faults [14] using stator currents and vibration signals. In [15], an inter-turn short-circuit fault was identified with a signature obtained from the local maxima and minima of the stator currents, Akima interpolation [16] and energy values.…”

Identification System for Short-Circuit Fault Points in Concentrated Stator Windings of Motors

“…As a result, numerous techniques have been proposed to diagnose the winding conditions. Several methods have been reported for diagnosing short-circuit faults, with machine current signature analysis being the most popular method [3][4][5]. In addition, the winding function approach [6][7][8], finite element approach [9,10], frequency signature analysis [11,12], frequency response analysis [13,14], and sound analysis [15] have been studied.…”