Induction of Androgenesis in Vitro in Malus Domestica

Milewska-Pawliczuk, E.; Kubicki, B.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.1977.78.34

Cited by 13 publications

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“…Caulogenesis or adventitious shoot formation of fruit trees has only been reported in Otrus [1], Morus [16] and Prunus [10]. Somatic embryogenesis has also been reported in a few woody genera such as Carica [8], Malus [2,11], Prunus [20] and Vitis [7,13] but only in the Rutaceae has it been studied in detail [19]. In this paper, we present the first report on the techniques used to obtain plant regeneration from various explants of open-pollinated seedlings of 'Golden Delicious' apple grown in vitro and for callus derived from such leaf explants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant regeneration from apple seedling explants and callus cultures

Liu

Sink

Dennis

1983

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Leaf, cotyledon, and hypocotyl explants were obtained from 3-week-old seedlings of open-pollinated 'Golden Delicious' (Malus domestica bork H.) grown in vitro. They were placed on modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing B5 vitamins, sucrose and agar, supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and a-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and maintained at 25 °C -+ 2 in the light or in the dark to assess morphogenetic responses. Leaf and cotyledon explants cultured in the dark for an initial 3 weeks, then transferred to light for 4 weeks, produced 5-to 20-fold more adventitious shoots than those cultured for 7 weeks in the light. Conversely, light did not significantly influence the number of adventitious shoots formed on hypocotyl explants. Five-minute daffy exposures of leaf explants to red light (651 rim) suppressed adventitious shoot formation by 80%; five-minute exposure to far-red light (729 nm) immediately following the red light counteracted the red suppression.Seedling explants, immature fruit halves and immature embryos were also cultured on Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) medium containing 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D), p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (CPA) and kinetin. Light inhibited callus formation on leaf and cotyledon explants, but not on hypocotyl explants. The derived callus was placed on MS + BAP or MS + BAP + NAA for shoot regeneration. Both shoots and roots regenerated from callus placed in the dark but not in the light; the frequency of shoot regeneration was 5% or less.Regenerated shoots were rooted on MS macronutrient salts (1/3 concentration), micronutrients, i-inositol, thiamine HC1, sucrose and agar with or without indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), or NAA under a light intensity of 5.0 W.m-2 (16 h per day). Auxin concentration strongly influenced root morphology.

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