Induction of Antioxidant Protein HO-1 Through Nrf2-ARE Signaling Due to Pteryxin in Peucedanum Japonicum Thunb in RAW264.7 Macrophage Cells

Abstract

This study focused on exploring the nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor (Nrf2) active compound to avoid oxidative stress related to various diseases, such as obesity and diabetes mellitus. The activity of the Nrf2-ARE (antioxidant response element) signaling was evaluated by a reporter assay involving over five hundred various edible medicinal herbs, and the highest Nrf2 activity was found in the ethanol extract of Peucedanum japonicum leaves. The active compound in the extract was isolated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the chemical structure was identical to pteryxin based on 1H, 13C-NMR spectra and liquid chromatography/time-of-fright mass spectrometer (LC/TOF/MS). From the pteryxin, the transcription factor Nrf2 was accumulated in the nucleus and resulted in the expression of the antioxidant protein, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). In addition, the Nrf2 activity involving HO-1 expression due to coumarin derivatives was evaluated together with pteryxin. This suggested that the electrophilicity, due to the α,β-carbonyl and/or substituted acyl groups in the molecule, modulates the cysteine residue in Keap1 via the Michel reaction, at which point the Nrf2 is dissociated from the Keap1. These results suggest that pteryxin will be a useful agent for developing functional foods.

Dual Carbonic Anhydrase IX/XII Inhibitors and Carbon Monoxide Releasing Molecules Modulate LPS-Mediated Inflammation in Mouse Macrophages

“…Indeed, as previously mentioned, despite extreme toxicity at high concentrations, an exogenous CO delivery at low concentrations shows a therapeutic potential in the anti-inflammatory process [ 1 ]. Furthermore, compounds 6 and 7 release low amounts of CO as the acesulfame derivatives, but they are slightly effective in terms of cell viability restoring, although it is well known that some coumarins have anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages via the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway [ 56 ].…”

Purified Gymnemic Acids from Gymnema inodorum Tea Inhibit 3T3-L1 Cell Differentiation into Adipocytes

“…The mobile phase consisted of a linear gradient of 0.1% formic acid:acetonitrile (1:1) to 0.1% formic acid:acetonitrile (1:19) over 3 min. The high-resolution mass spectra (HRMS) conditions were: positive ion mode; desolvation gas, N 2 ; temperature 350 °C, pressure, 40 psig; flow rate, 8 L/min and capillary, fragmentary and skimmer voltages of 3500, 100 and 65 V, respectively [ 18 ].…”

“…Therefore, we applied the inhibition of 3T3-L1 cell differentiation to screen gymnemic acid extracted from GI tea. Gymnemic acid is an oleanane-type triterpene glycoside [ 16 , 17 ] that can exist as a single entity or as a mixture of several related compounds [ 18 , 19 ]. The major saponin fraction in Gymnema sylvestre is a gymnemic acid that comprises a complex mixture of at least nine similar glycosides and aglycone derivatives [ 20 ].…”

Dihydrolipoic acid protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced behavioral deficits and neuroinflammation via regulation of Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 signaling in rat

“…Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an enzyme that exerts antiinflammatory and antioxidant stress effects [13]. Nrf2 is a critical modulator of the expression of HO-1 [14,15]. Recent studies have focused on the Nrf2/HO-1 approach with respect to anti-inflammation [16,17].…”