Induction of chilling resistance by water stress, and cDNA sequence analysis and expression of water stress-regulated genes in rice

Takahashi, Ryōsuke; Joshee, Nirmal; Kitagawa, Yoshichika

doi:10.1007/bf00039544

Cited by 111 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…These results extend preliminary experiments on two new classes of lipoxygenase genes isolated from soybeans in different developmental stages [23]. Abscisic acid is generally reported to mediate the plant response to water deficit [25], although such mediation does not always occur [26]. Here, it is shown that osmotic stress enhances LOX-I and -2 expression without the intermediacy of ABA.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Modulation of soybean lipoxygenase expression and membrane oxidation by water deficit

et al. 1995

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The modulation of the activity and expression of soybean Iipoxygenases 1 (LOX-I) [Vliegenthart, J.F.G. and Veldink, G.A. (1982) in: Free Radicals in Biology (Pryor, W.A., Ed.) pp. 29-64, Academic Press, New York) and 2 (LOX-2) by water deficit (osmotic stress) has been investigated, by following gene expression at the transcriptional and translational levels. Osmotic stress enhanced the transcription of the genes of both isoenzymes, leading to increased levels of the corresponding mRNAs, protein contents and specific activities. Abscisic acid (ABA) did not mediate enhancement of LOX expression, but caused a decrease of LOX-2 activity and was ineffective on LOX-I. Water deficit also caused oxidative modification of soybean membrane pool lipids [Schmidt, W.E. and Ebel, J. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84, 4117-41211, attributable to the increase of conjugated hydroperoxides in the esterified fatty acids of the lipid bilayer.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Modulation of soybean lipoxygenase expression and membrane oxidation by water deficit

et al. 1995

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“…The two full-length cDNAs share 72% identity, the ORFs are 78% identical, and the translated amino acid sequences are 83% identical. The deduced amino acid sequences of VpGAS1 and VpGAS2 are highly homologous to known GAS genes from Arabidopsis thaliana (15), Ajuga reptans (16), tomato (17), rice (18), zucchini (19), and soybean (19). Highest amino acid homology (87%) is with the gene from A. reptans, which is most closely related to V. phoeniceum.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phloem loading in Verbascum phoeniceum L. depends on the synthesis of raffinose-family oligosaccharides

McCaskill

Turgeon

2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Phloem loading is the initial step in photoassimilate export and the one that creates the driving force for mass flow. It has been proposed that loading occurs symplastically in species that translocate carbohydrate primarily as raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs). In these plants, dense fields of plasmodesmata connect bundle sheath cells to specialized companion cells (intermediary cells) in the minor veins. According to the polymer trap model, advanced as a mechanism of symplastic loading, sucrose from the mesophyll diffuses into intermediary cells and is converted there to RFOs. This process keeps the sucrose concentration low and, because of the larger size of the RFOs, prevents back diffusion. To test this model, the RFO pathway was down-regulated in Verbascum phoeniceum L. by suppressing the synthesis of galactinol synthase (GAS), which catalyzes the first committed step in RFO production. Two GAS genes (VpGAS1 and VpGAS2) were cloned and shown to be expressed in intermediary cells. Simultaneous RNAi suppression of both genes resulted in pronounced inhibition of RFO synthesis. Phloem transport was negatively affected, as evidenced by the accumulation of carbohydrate in the lamina and the reduced capacity of leaves to export sugars during a prolonged dark period. In plants with severe down-regulation, additional symptoms of reduced export were obvious, including impaired growth, leaf chlorosis, and necrosis and curling of leaf margins.plasmodesmata ͉ polymer trap ͉ stachyose ͉ galactinol ͉ RNAi U p to 80% of the carbon fixed in mature leaves by photosynthesis is exported to heterotrophic sinks to enable their growth and development. The first step in the transport pathway, and one that is highly regulated (1, 2), is the transfer of photoassimilate from mesophyll cells to the sieve elements (SEs) and companion cells (CCs) of minor veins (3-6). This process, known as phloem loading, creates the positive hydrostatic pressure difference between source and sink phloem that drives the mass flow of solution.Two loading mechanisms have been proposed. In one, photoassimilate enters the apoplast and is subsequently loaded into the phloem by specific transport proteins (3, 7). The second mechanism appears to be entirely symplastic (by plasmodesmata) (4-6). The first hint that loading might take place symplastically came from the discovery, in certain species, of specialized CCs (intermediary cells) in the minor veins, which are linked to bundle sheath cells by extremely high numbers of asymmetrically branched plasmodesmata (5).In all plants with intermediary cells, the phloem sap contains a substantial amount of raffinose family oligosaccharide (RFO), especially the tri-and tetrasaccharides, raffinose, and stachyose. The consistent association of RFOs with intermediary cells suggests that the synthesis of these sugars is an integral part of the phloem-loading mechanism.This reasoning is the basis of the polymer trap model of symplastic loading (8,9). According to the model, sucrose diffuses from bundle sheath cel...

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“…1A). Among these genes, we found five well-known rice stress-inducible genes: Asr1, LIP9, OsNAC6, salT, and WSI724 (Aguan et al, 1991;Takahashi et al, 1994;Garcia et al, 1998;Vaidyanathan et al, 1999;Kikuchi et al, 2000). Rice cDNA clones JRC (JIRCAS Rice cDNA clone) 0549, JRC0712, JRC0835, AU068246, and C28206 that encode Glycoside hydrolase; pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1; Zeaxanthin epoxidase; OsABA2; Papain Cys protease; and UDP-Gal-4-epimerase, respectively, and five cDNAs (JRC0297, JRC0710, JRC2563, JRC1110, and JRC1142), whose function is unknown, were also included in this group.…”

Section: Relationship Between Each Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring Expression Profiles of Rice Genes under Cold, Drought, and High-Salinity Stresses and Abscisic Acid Application Using cDNA Microarray and RNA Gel-Blot Analyses

Rabbani

Maruyama²,

Abe³

et al. 2003

Plant Physiology

891

578

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To identify cold-, drought-, high-salinity-, and/or abscisic acid (ABA)-inducible genes in rice (Oryza sativa), we prepared a rice cDNA microarray including about 1,700 independent cDNAs derived from cDNA libraries prepared from drought-, cold-, and high-salinity-treated rice plants. We confirmed stress-inducible expression of the candidate genes selected by microarray analysis using RNA gel-blot analysis and finally identified a total of 73 genes as stress inducible including 58 novel unreported genes in rice. Among them, 36, 62, 57, and 43 genes were induced by cold, drought, high salinity, and ABA, respectively. We observed a strong association in the expression of stress-responsive genes and found 15 genes that responded to all four treatments. Venn diagram analysis revealed greater cross talk between signaling pathways for drought, ABA, and high-salinity stresses than between signaling pathways for cold and ABA stresses or cold and high-salinity stresses in rice. The rice genome database search enabled us not only to identify possible known cis-acting elements in the promoter regions of several stress-inducible genes but also to expect the existence of novel cis-acting elements involved in stress-responsive gene expression in rice stress-inducible promoters. Comparative analysis of Arabidopsis and rice showed that among the 73 stress-inducible rice genes, 51 already have been reported in Arabidopsis with similar function or gene name. Transcriptome analysis revealed novel stress-inducible genes, suggesting some differences between Arabidopsis and rice in their response to stress.

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Induction of chilling resistance by water stress, and cDNA sequence analysis and expression of water stress-regulated genes in rice

Cited by 111 publications

References 59 publications

Modulation of soybean lipoxygenase expression and membrane oxidation by water deficit

Modulation of soybean lipoxygenase expression and membrane oxidation by water deficit

Phloem loading in Verbascum phoeniceum L. depends on the synthesis of raffinose-family oligosaccharides

Monitoring Expression Profiles of Rice Genes under Cold, Drought, and High-Salinity Stresses and Abscisic Acid Application Using cDNA Microarray and RNA Gel-Blot Analyses

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