Induction of immune responses and protection in mice against rabies using a self-replicating RNA vaccine encoding rabies virus glycoprotein

Saxena, Sonal; Sonwane, Arvind; Dahiya, Shyam Singh; Patel, Chhabi Lal; Saini, Mohini; A, Rai; Gupta, Praveen Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.10.030

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Others have explored the use of replicon-based self replicating DNA vaccines derived from an alphavirus, i.e. Sindbis virus [63]. Although rabies virus NA responses to the replicon DNA vaccine given twice exceeded those to a conventional DNA vaccine, they did not reach the levels obtained by two doses of a conventional whole virus vaccine.…”

Section: Vaccines To Rabies Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Vaccines to Human Rabies

Ertl

2009

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Rabies, the most fatal of all infectious diseases, remains a major public health problem in developing countries, claiming the lives of an estimated 55,000 people each year. Most fatal rabies cases, with more than half of them in children, result from dog bites and occur among low-income families in Southeast Asia and Africa. Safe and efficacious vaccines are available to prevent rabies. However, they have to be given repeatedly, three times for pre-exposure vaccination and four to five times for post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). In cases of severe exposure, a regimen of vaccine combined with a rabies immunoglobulin (RIG) preparation is required. The high incidence of fatal rabies is linked to a lack of knowledge on the appropriate treatment of bite wounds, lack of access to costly PEP, and failure to follow up with repeat immunizations. New, more immunogenic but less costly rabies virus vaccines are needed to reduce the toll of rabies on human lives. A preventative vaccine used for the immunization of children, especially those in high incidence countries, would be expected to lower fatality rates. Such a vaccine would have to be inexpensive, safe, and provide sustained protection, preferably after a single dose. Novel regimens are also needed for PEP to reduce the need for the already scarce and costly RIG and to reduce the number of vaccine doses to one or two. In this review, the pipeline of new rabies vaccines that are in pre-clinical testing is provided and an opinion on those that might be best suited as potential replacements for the currently used vaccines is offered.

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Section: Vaccines To Rabies Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Vaccines to Human Rabies

Ertl

2009

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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“…In a first experiment, we tested the induction of virus neutralizing (VN) antibodies in BALB/c mice immunized with 80 μg of RABV-G encoding mRNA that had been stored at varying temperatures, ranging from -80°C to +40°C, for 6 months ( Fig 1 ). As a control, a licensed inactivated rabies virus vaccine (HDC) that had been stored at 4°C as recommended by the manufacturer was used at 1/10 of the recommended human dose (100 μl), comparable to previously published work [ 15 ]. As shown in Fig 1A , the RABV-G mRNA vaccine induced protective RABV-G specific titers in the fluorescent antibody virus neutralization (FAVN) assay upon storage at -80°C for 6 months.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A thermostable messenger RNA based vaccine against rabies

Stitz¹,

Vogel²,

Schnee³

et al. 2017

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Although effective rabies virus vaccines have been existing for decades, each year, rabies virus infections still cause around 50.000 fatalities worldwide. Most of these cases occur in developing countries, where these vaccines are not available. The reasons for this are the prohibitive high costs of cell culture or egg grown rabies virus vaccines and the lack of a functional cold chain in many regions in which rabies virus is endemic. Here, we describe the excellent temperature resistance of a non-replicating mRNA based rabies virus vaccine encoding the rabies virus glycoprotein (RABV-G). Prolonged storage of the vaccine from -80°C to up to +70°C for several months did not impact the protective capacity of the mRNA vaccine. Efficacy after storage was demonstrated by the induction of rabies specific virus neutralizing antibodies and protection in mice against lethal rabies infection. Moreover, storing the vaccine at oscillating temperatures between +4° and +56°C for 20 cycles in order to simulate interruptions of the cold chain during vaccine transport, did not affect the vaccine’s immunogenicity and protective characteristics, indicating that maintenance of a cold chain is not essential for this vaccine.

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“…The immunization provided protection in mice challenged with colon tumor cells. In another approach, a SIN RNA replicon expressing the rabies virus glycoprotein gene was applied for immunization of mice using only 10 µg of SIN-Rab-G RNA [183]. Compared to a conventional rabies DNA vaccine and the Rabipur commercial cell culture vaccine, similar cellular and humoral immune responses and protection against rabies were obtained.…”

Section: Preclinical Studies With Alphavirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Vector-Based Melanoma Gene Therapy

Hromić‐Jahjefendić

Lundström²

2020

Biomedicines

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Gene therapy applications of oncolytic viruses represent an attractive alternative for cancer treatment. A broad range of oncolytic viruses, including adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses, alphaviruses, herpes simplex viruses, retroviruses, lentiviruses, rhabdoviruses, reoviruses, measles virus, Newcastle disease virus, picornaviruses and poxviruses, have been used in diverse preclinical and clinical studies for the treatment of various diseases, including colon, head-and-neck, prostate and breast cancer as well as squamous cell carcinoma and glioma. The majority of studies have focused on immunotherapy and several drugs based on viral vectors have been approved. However, gene therapy for malignant melanoma based on viral vectors has not been utilized to its full potential yet. This review represents a summary of the achievements of preclinical and clinical studies using viral vectors, with the focus on malignant melanoma.

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Induction of immune responses and protection in mice against rabies using a self-replicating RNA vaccine encoding rabies virus glycoprotein

Cited by 33 publications

References 43 publications

Novel Vaccines to Human Rabies

Novel Vaccines to Human Rabies

A thermostable messenger RNA based vaccine against rabies

Viral Vector-Based Melanoma Gene Therapy

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