Induction of immunogenic cell death effect of licoricidin in cervical cancer cells by enhancing endoplasmic reticulum stress‐mediated high mobility group box 1 expression

Abstract

Licoricidin (LCD) is an activity compound of the roots of Glycyrrhiza uralensis, which has therapeutic efficacy, including anti‐virus, anti‐cancer, and enhanced immunity in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Herein, this study aimed to clarify the effect of LCD on cervical cancer cells. In the present study, we found that LCD significantly inhibited cell viability via inducing cell apoptosis and companies with cleaved‐PARP protein expression and caspase‐3/‐9 activity. Cell viability was markedly reversed these effects by pan‐caspase inhibitor Z‐VAD‐FMK treatment. Furthermore, we showed that LCD‐induced ER (endoplasmic reticulum) stress triggers upregulating the protein level of GRP78 (Bip), CHOP, and IRE1α, and subsequently confirmed the mRNA level by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. In addition, LCD exhibited the release of danger‐associated molecular patterns from cervical cancer cells, such as the release of high‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), secretion of ATP, and exposure of calreticulin (CRT) on the cell surface, which led to immunogenic cell death (ICD). These results provide a novel foundation that LCD induces ICD via triggering ER stress in human cervical cancer cells. LCD might be an ICD inducer of immunotherapy in progressive cervical cancer.

RBM15 m6A modification‐mediated OTUB2 upregulation promotes cervical cancer progression via the AKT/mTOR signaling

“…CC is a malignant gynecological cancer with high morbidity and mortality globally. [39][40][41] Despite great advancement in the therapeutic approaches for CC in recent years, the median survival period of CC patients at advanced stages remains only 16.8 months. 42,43 This raises As a widely recognized oncogene, OTUB2 has been identified as a contributor to cancer stemness and metastasis.…”

Licochalcone A induces endoplasmic reticulum stress‐mediated apoptosis of endometrial cancer cells via upregulation of GRP78 expression

“…The ER‐ID detection assay was performed as previously reported 22 . Cells were stained using the ER‐ID assay kit for 20 min at 37°C and 5% CO 2 according to the manufacturer's instructions.…”

Clinical application of immunogenic cell death inducers in cancer immunotherapy: turning cold tumors hot

“…Self-assembled traditional Chinese nanomedicine using ursolic acid and lentinan can expand the ICD and improve the efficacy of immunotherapy in colorectal cancer ( Mao et al, 2022 ). Licoricidin can affect the ERS of cervical cancer cells and further the release of DAMPs, thus trigger the emergence of ICD ( Wu et al, 2023 ).…”