Induction of Lymphoma and Osteosarcoma in Mice by Single and Protracted Low Alpha Doses

Müller, W.; Luz, Arne; Murray, Andrew B.; Linzner, U.

doi:10.1097/00004032-199009000-00006

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Raabe et al (1995) interpreted these data to imply that a practical threshold will exist at low dose rates because the time taken for tumour development will exceed the normal life span. (G10) Osteosarcoma has been observed in mice exposed to 224 Ra, 239 Pu, 241 Am, and 233 U (Humphreys et al, 1987(Humphreys et al, , 1993Muller et al, 1990). Ellender et al (2001) compared the effect of 239 Pu, 241 Am, and 233 U at three levels of activity, giving cumulative average skeletal doses of 0.25-0.3 Gy, 0.5-1 Gy, and 1-2 Gy.…”

Section: F7 Mutagenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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ICRP Publication 131: Stem Cell Biology with Respect to Carcinogenesis Aspects of Radiological Protection

et al. 2015

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This report provides a review of stem cells/progenitor cells and their responses to ionising radiation in relation to issues relevant to stochastic effects of radiation that form a major part of the International Commission on Radiological Protection's system of radiological protection. Current information on stem cell characteristics, maintenance and renewal, evolution with age, location in stem cell 'niches', and radiosensitivity to acute and protracted exposures is presented in a series of substantial reviews as annexes concerning haematopoietic tissue, mammary gland, thyroid, digestive tract, lung, skin, and bone. This foundation of knowledge of stem cells is used in the main text of the report to provide a biological insight into issues such as the linear-no-threshold (LNT) model, cancer risk among tissues, dose-rate effects, and changes in the risk of radiation carcinogenesis by age at exposure and attained age. Knowledge of the biology and associated radiation biology of stem cells and progenitor cells is more developed in tissues that renew fairly rapidly, such as haematopoietic tissue, intestinal mucosa, and epidermis, although all the tissues considered here possess stem cell populations. Important features of stem cell maintenance, renewal, and response are the microenvironmental signals operating in the niche residence, for which a well-defined spatial location has been identified in some tissues. The identity of the target cell for carcinogenesis continues to point to the more primitive stem cell population that is mostly quiescent, and hence able to accumulate the protracted sequence of mutations necessary to result in malignancy. In addition, there is some potential for daughter progenitor cells to be target cells in particular cases, such as in haematopoietic tissue and in skin. Several biological processes could contribute to protecting stem cells from mutation accumulation: (a) accurate DNA repair; (b) rapidly induced death of injured stem cells; (c) retention of the DNA parental template strand during divisions in some tissue systems, so that mutations are passed to the daughter differentiating cells and not retained in the parental cell; and (d) stem cell competition, whereby undamaged stem cells outcompete damaged stem cells for residence in the niche. DNA repair mainly occurs within a few days of irradiation, while stem cell competition requires weeks or many months depending on the tissue type. The aforementioned processes may contribute to the differences in carcinogenic radiation risk values between tissues, and may help to explain why a rapidly replicating tissue such as small intestine is less prone to such risk. The processes also provide a mechanistic insight relevant to the LNT model, and the relative and absolute risk models. The radiobiological knowledge also provides a scientific insight into discussions of the dose and dose-rate effectiveness factor currently used in radiological protection guidelines. In addition, the biological information contributes potential reasons for the ...

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Section: F7 Mutagenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(G10) Osteosarcoma has been observed in mice exposed to 224 Ra, 239 Pu, 241 Am, and 233 U (Humphreys et al., 1987, 1993; Muller et al., 1990). Ellender et al.…”

Section: Annex a Haematopoietic Tissues: Role Played By Stem Cells Amentioning

confidence: 99%

ICRP Publication 131: Stem Cell Biology with Respect to Carcinogenesis Aspects of Radiological Protection

et al. 2015

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“…Although internal radiation exposures by bone-seeking radionuclides occasionally induce lymphoid neoplasms as well as osteosarcomas in mice 11,12 , the entity for pathological features and the differences from those by exposures to external radiations or chemical carcinogens have not been fully elucidated. The present study first characterized the histopathological features and immunophenotypes of murine lymphoid neoplasms occurring relatively early in three strains of mice having different spontaneous and radiationinduced tumor spectra after the injection of α-emitting, bone-seeking 239 Pu citrate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-B-Cell Lymphomas in Mice Following Injection of 239Pu Citrate: Comparison with MNU-Induced T-Lymphoblastic Lymphomas

Oghiso¹,

Yamada²

2003

J Toxicol Pathol

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Lymphoid neoplasms occurring in three different (C3H/He, C57BL/6, and B6C3F 1 ) strains of female mice after injection of the bone-seeking and alpha-emitting radionuclide, 2 39 Pu citrate were compared by immunohistochemistry with those from the alkylating agent, N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-injected mice. There was a variety of phenotypes from either T-cell to B-cell or histiocytic lineages in lymphoid neoplasms of the control, salineinjected mice. While strain differences were noted in the incidence and proportion, lymphoid neoplasms occurring early after 239 Pu-injection were, however, characterized by B220 + phenotypes but negative for both T-cell-specific markers (Thy 1, CD3) and B-cell markers (CD5, CD19, CD79b) to be classified into pre-B-cell lymphomas derived from progenitor B-cells. In contrast, almost all the MNU-induced lymphomas were shown to be CD3 + or rarely Thy 1 + but B220 -T-lymphoblastic lymphomas. These results indicate differences in immunophenotypic expression but also might reflect different carcinogenic processes between chemical-and radiation-induced murine lymphomas. (J Toxicol Pathol 2003; 16: 93-102)

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“…Mammary tumors Ullrich (1984) Vogel and Dickson 1982Broerse et al (1985) Ovarian tumors Ullrich (1984) Pulmonary tumors Ullrich (1 984) Little et al (1985) Lundgren et al (1987) Myeloid leukemia in mice Lymphosarcoma in mice Huiskamp (1991) Osteosarcomas Muller et al (1990) Life shortening in mice Thomson et al (1985) Maisin et al (1988) + a Enhanced (+), reduced (-) or equal (=) with respect to single or high dose rate irradiation.…”

Section: Change In Effectiveness"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological effectiveness of neutrons: Research needs

Casarett¹,

Braby²,

Broerse³

et al. 1994

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As Chairman of the Science Panel of the Committee on Interagency Radiation Research and Policy Coordination (CIRRPC), I am pleased to provide you with the final report on the Biological Eflectiveness of Neutrons: Research Needs. This report was written by an independent, multidisciplinary, knowledgeable task group of eminent scientists. It was prepared for the CIRRPC Science Panel in response to a request from the Department of Energy to provide a conceptual plan for a research program that would provide a basis for determining more precisely the biological effectiveness of neutron radiation with emphasis on endpoints relevant to the protection of human health. This request is consistent with the provision in CIRRPC's Charter that "...[the CIRRPC] Science Panel assist the Committee in preparing an appropriate research agenda on selected radiation issues... I' The CIRRPC Science Panel and knowledgeable scientists from both the United States and European radiation research communities reviewed an earlier draft of the report. The task group carefully considered all of the specific comments received and incorporated such comments as were considered appropriate. Overall, the report received high marks for quality. The Science Panel was provided a prepublication copy of the final report to note my changes made as a result of the review. The Science Panel considers this report an important contribution to science and recommends that it be made available to Federal agencies and other individuals and organizations interested in planning radiation research agendas.

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Induction of Lymphoma and Osteosarcoma in Mice by Single and Protracted Low Alpha Doses

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

ICRP Publication 131: Stem Cell Biology with Respect to Carcinogenesis Aspects of Radiological Protection

ICRP Publication 131: Stem Cell Biology with Respect to Carcinogenesis Aspects of Radiological Protection

Pre-B-Cell Lymphomas in Mice Following Injection of 239Pu Citrate: Comparison with MNU-Induced T-Lymphoblastic Lymphomas

Biological effectiveness of neutrons: Research needs

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