Induction of micronuclei by smokeless tobacco on buccal mucosa cells of habitual users

Özkul, Yusuf; Dönmez, Hamiyet; Erenmemişoğlu, Aydın; Demirtaş, Halil; İmamoğlu, Nalan

doi:10.1093/mutage/12.4.285

Cited by 84 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Contrary to the findings of Sarto et al and Piyathilake et al, we found that the MN formation was more in users of smokeless tobacco as compared to individuals with smoked tobacco usage [10,11] . An increase in MN count was also associated with smokeless tobacco as studied by Desai et al, Roberts DM and Stich et al, however not in accordance with Ozkul et al, who found no statistically significant variation between users of smoked and smokeless forms of tobacco [12,13,14,15] . We also found a positive correlation between MN frequency and gutkha chewing, which was increased when compared to controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Micronuclei Count as an Indicator for Cytotoxic Damage in Tobacco Users.

Jeyaraj¹,

India²

2017

IJDOH

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Background: Tobacco usage in the smoked and smokeless forms has reached epidemic proportions in the Asian sub continent often leading to oral cancer which is the sixth most common cause of cancer related deaths globally. Micronuclei (MN) count is a promising indicator for the cytotoxic effects of tobacco usage. Our study was aimed at establishing a correlation between the MN counts among various tobacco habits. Methods: Exfoliated cells were collected from a total of 400 individuals consisting of 100 individuals each of smokers, gutkha chewers, khaini chewers and controls. PAP staining was done and the number of cells with micronuclei was counted under 40 X, by two independent examiners. The mean MN count was compared using the ANOVA test for statistical analysis. Results: Significant increase in micronuclei count was observed in individuals with tobacco habit. Mean value of epithelial cells with micronuclei +/-SD was 1.58 +/-0.24 for controls, 7.51 +/-0.59 for smokers, 13.95 +/-0.97 for khaini chewers and 15.45 +/-1.17 for gutkha users. Conclusion:The MN count can be used as an early indicator for susceptibility to Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), as a non invasive early detection tool for mass screening, for patient education as well as to check for efficacy of treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Micronuclei Count as an Indicator for Cytotoxic Damage in Tobacco Users.

Jeyaraj¹,

India²

2017

IJDOH

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“…Some biomonitoring studies found positive association of age (Ozkul et al,1997;Moretti et al, 2000), sex (Betti et al, 1994;Bajpayee et al, 2002;Fenech et al, 2003), smoking (Burgaz et al, 1999;Hoffmann et al, 2005), alcohol intake (Ramirez et al, 2002) and tobacco chewing (Nair et al, 1991;Trivedi et al, 1993) while some studies observed no association of age (Zhu et al, 1999;Konapaka et al, 2003), sex (Anderson et al, 1993;Zhu et al, 1999;Konapaka et al, 2003), smoking (Moller et al, 2006), alcohol intake (Celik et al, 2007;Martinez-Valenzuela et al, 2009) with genetic damage. In our study, we did not observe any significant association of age, sex and consumption habits (smoking and alcohol use) with genetic damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CYP1A1 Gene Polymorphisms: Modulator of Genetic Damage in Coal-Tar Workers

Giri

Yadav²,

Kumar

et al. 2012

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Aim: It is well known that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as benzo (a) pyrene have carcinogenic properties and may cause many types of cancers in human populations. Genetic susceptibility might be due to variation in genes encoding for carcinogen metabolizing enzymes, such as cytochrome P-450 (CYP450). Our study aimed to investigate the effect of genetic polymorphisms of CYP1A1 (m1 and m2) on genetic damage in 115 coaltar workers exposed to PAHs at their work place. Methods: Genetic polymorphisms of CYP1A1 were determined by the PCR-RFLP method. Comet and buccal micronucleus assays were used to evaluate genetic damage among 115 coal tar workers and 105 control subjects. Results: Both CYP1A1 m1 and CYP1A1 m2 heterozygous and homozygous (wt/mt+mt/mt) variants individually as well as synergistically showed significant association (P<0.05) with genetic damage as measured by tail moment (TM) and buccal micronuclei (BMN) frequencies in control and exposed subjects. Conclusion: In our study we found significant association of CYP1A1 m1 and m2 heterozygous (wt/mt)+homozygous (mt/mt) variants with genetic damage suggesting that these polymorphisms may modulate the effects of PAH exposure in occupational settings.

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“…In the region in which this study was conducted, a kind of smokeless tobacco called Maras powder is widely used and only few studies have been done demonstrating its detrimental effects (Erenmemisoglu et al 1991(Erenmemisoglu et al , 1992Erenmemisoglu 1999;Ozkul et al 1995Ozkul et al , 1997Guven et al 2003). Alkaloid composition of the powder which is composed of a plant named N. Rustika L is not much different than N Tobacum L which is a culture tobacco for cigarette, but it has been reported that the content of tobacco is 6-10 fold higher (Shmuk 1953).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Smokeless Tobacco "Maras Powder" Use on Respiratory Functions

Büyükbeşe

Köksal

Güven

et al. 2004

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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In Turkey, "Maras Powder," which is a kind of powder yielded from the shields of tobacco, is widely used as smokeless tobacco through buccal mucosa or together with cigarette. Maras powder, composed of ash and a plant named Nicotiana Rustica Linn, is sometimes used to give up smoking. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of Maras powder use on respiratory functions of healthy subjects who do not have any chronic disease. We found statistically significant differences in percentage of forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV 1 %) (p = 0.001), the ratio of FEV 1 to forced vital capacity (FEV 1 /FVC) (p = 0.024), percent of maximum expiratory flow rate (FEF 25-75 %) (p = 0.002) and percent of peak expiratory flow (PEF%) (p = 0.037) between cigarette smokers with Maras powder use (n = 23) and control subjects (n = 24). Likewise, when cigarette smokers (n = 24) and control subjects were compared, the differences for all these parameters were significant (p = 0.022, p = 0.048, p = 0.011 and p = 0.047, respectively). Only FEV 1 % and FEF 25-75 % were significantly lower in cigarette smokers with Maras powder use than in Maras powder users (n = 28) (p = 0.011 and p = 0.022, respectively). There was a negative correlation between forced vital capacity and Maras powder use (r = −0.315, p = 0.03). The present study suggests that Maras powder does not cause serious bronchial obstruction. This may be due to usage of the smokeless tobacco through buccal mucosa but not through inhalation as in case of cigarette smoking.

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Induction of micronuclei by smokeless tobacco on buccal mucosa cells of habitual users

Cited by 84 publications

References 8 publications

Micronuclei Count as an Indicator for Cytotoxic Damage in Tobacco Users.

Micronuclei Count as an Indicator for Cytotoxic Damage in Tobacco Users.

CYP1A1 Gene Polymorphisms: Modulator of Genetic Damage in Coal-Tar Workers

Effects of Smokeless Tobacco "Maras Powder" Use on Respiratory Functions

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