Induction of mitotic micronuclei by X-ray contrast media in human peripheral lymphocytes

Parvez, Zaheer; M, Kormano; Satokari, K; Moncada, Rogelio; Eklund, Ritva

doi:10.1016/0165-1218(87)90094-2

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The foci numbers were approximately 90.3% higher than the corresponding baseline foci numbers, which indicated the probable cytotoxic effects of ICA itself. It had been previously reported that ICA itself could result in the formation of significant number of micronuclei [20] and other types of chromosomal [21]. However, this opinion seemed at variance with some other previous reports [3,5,15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Enhanced radiation damage caused by iodinated contrast agents during CT examination

Wang

et al. 2017

European Journal of Radiology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Enhanced radiation damage caused by iodinated contrast agents during CT examination

Wang

et al. 2017

European Journal of Radiology

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“…Compared with the extensive results on in vivo and in vitro induction of chromosome aberrations or micronuclei in human lymphocytes by diagnostic x-ray radiation qualities in combination with iodinated contrast agents (Adams et al 1977, Cochran et al 1980, Hadnagy et al 1982, Norman et al 1978, Parvez et al 1987, Sinues et al 1991, relatively little information has been reported on similar biological effects of computed tomography (CT) scans in vivo and in vitro. This situation is remarkable, because in the past two decades the increasing use of CT scans in clinical practice has made CT a significant contributor to the total collective dose from all medical x-ray examinations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of x-ray contrast agents in computed tomography on the induction of dicentrics and γ-H2AX foci in lymphocytes of human blood samples

et al. 2009

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The aim of this study was to investigate and quantify two biomarkers for radiation exposure (dicentrics and gamma-H2AX foci) in human lymphocytes after CT scans in the presence of an iodinated contrast agent. Blood samples from a healthy donor were exposed to CT scans in the absence or presence of iotrolan 300 at iodine concentrations of 5 or 50 mg ml(-1) blood. The samples were exposed to 0.025, 0.05, 0.1 and 1 Gy in a tissue equivalent body phantom. Chromosome aberration scoring and automated microscopic analysis of gamma-H2AX foci were performed in parts of the same samples. The theoretical physical dose enhancement factor (DEF) was calculated on the basis of the mass energy-absorption coefficients of iodine and blood and the photon energy spectrum of the CT tube. No significant differences in the yields of dicentrics and gamma-H2AX foci were observed in the absence or presence of 5 mg iodine ml(-1) blood up to 0.1 Gy, whereas at 1 Gy the yields were elevated for both biomarkers. At an iodine concentration of 50 mg ml(-1) serving as a positive control, a biological DEF of 9.5 +/- 1.4 and 2.3 +/- 0.5 was determined for dicentrics and gamma-H2AX foci, respectively. A physical DEF of 1.56 and 6.30 was calculated for 5 and 50 mg iodine ml(-1), respectively. Thus, it can be concluded that in the diagnostic dose range (radiation and contrast dose), no relevant biological dose-enhancing effect could be detected, whereas a clear biological dose-enhancing effect could be found for a contrast dose well outside the diagnostic CT range for the complete radiation dose range with both methods.

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“…Early studies started in the seventies based on chromosome aberrations during angiocardiography and urography, showed increased DNA damage detected as chromosome aberrations and micronuclei in circulating lymphocytes at a much greater rate than expected based on radiation exposure alone [23][24][25][26][27]. These clinical studies have demonstrated that the use of ICM leads to an escalation in the absorbed radiation dose and correlates with an elevated level of DNA damage, as evidenced by an increase in γ-H2AX foci count in patients undergoing ICM-enhanced chest or coronary or abdominal computed tomography scans [16,17,20,[27][28][29].…”

Section: Clinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of iodinated contrast media on X-ray-induced DNA damage: a comprehensive review

Iacconi,

Xiarcou,

Piagneri

et al. 2024

Explor Cardiol

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Drawing insights from a spectrum of in vitro, in vivo experimental, and clinical studies, this review illuminates the underlying mechanism by which iodinated contrast media (ICM) exerts an indirect genotoxic effect. The mechanism involves the photoelectric effect induced by iodine molecules, thereby augmenting radiation attenuation and subsequently elevating the locally absorbed radiation dose. The ensuing generation of secondary electrons from each photoelectric absorption interaction triggers molecular reactions, culminating in discernible DNA damage, notably in the form of DNA double-strand breaks. A convergence of evidence from in vitro, experimental, and clinical investigations underscores a consistent pattern: the addition of iodine contrast linearly heightens the absorbed radiation dose and associated DNA damage. This quantification was evident through alterations in attenuation and the manifestation of double-strand breaks in circulating lymphocytes, serving as an intermediate endpoint and a potential long-term indicator of cancer. The observed surplus of DNA damage in contrast-enhanced images compared to non-contrast images ranged notably from +30% to +200%. This broad range accentuates a substantial amplification effect on radiation-induced damage, particularly noteworthy at clinically relevant iodine doses. Crucially, this effect remains unaffected by brands or manufacturers and exhibits a robust, exclusive correlation with the concentration of iodine in the bloodstream. The significant augmentation of absorbed dose and genotoxic impact of X-rays due to the use of contrast agents warrants critical attention within the medical community. This often-unacknowledged genotoxic influence may play a pivotal role in elevating cancer risks among patients undergoing radiation-based procedures, necessitating a reconsideration of risk assessment protocols and clinical practices.

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Induction of mitotic micronuclei by X-ray contrast media in human peripheral lymphocytes

Cited by 20 publications

References 11 publications

Enhanced radiation damage caused by iodinated contrast agents during CT examination

Enhanced radiation damage caused by iodinated contrast agents during CT examination

The influence of x-ray contrast agents in computed tomography on the induction of dicentrics and γ-H2AX foci in lymphocytes of human blood samples

Impact of iodinated contrast media on X-ray-induced DNA damage: a comprehensive review

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