Induction of Nrf2-regulated genes by 3H-1, 2-dithiole-3-thione through the ERK signaling pathway in murine keratinocytes

The Ras GTPase-activating-like Protein IQGAP1 Mediates Nrf2 Protein Activation via the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase/Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase (ERK) Kinase (MEK)-ERK Pathway

“…MAPK signaling has been shown to be activated by various Nrf2-inducing chemicals such as PEITC (1), butylated hydroxyanisole (28), and 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione (29). Interestingly, ERK2 activation has been shown to be necessary for induction of Nrf2-regulated genes induced by these chemicals.…”

Dual regulation of transcription factor Nrf2 by Keap1 and by the combined actions of β-TrCP and GSK-3

“…Specifically, it has been reported that tertbutyl hydroquinone (tBHQ) activates ERK and p38 MAPK [81][82][83][84], sulforaphane (SFN) activates ERK and can suppress activation of p38 MAPK by aninomycin [82,85], phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) activates ERK and JNK [86,87], dithiole-3-thione (D3T) activates ERK [88] and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) activates ERK [89,90]; see Figure 1 for structures. In the above studies, the use of kinase inhibitors and dominant-negative mutants to blunt gene induction suggest that ERK and JNK positively regulate Nrf2 activity.…”

Sulforaphane Decreases Endothelial Cell Apoptosis in Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy: A Novel Treatment

“…16 In addition to SFN, Nrf2 levels can be enhanced by small thiol-containing molecule such as 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione (D3T), which interferes with Keap1-mediated Nrf2 degradation. 17,18 Numerous studies have demonstrated the cytoprotective properties of SFN in preclinical studies and have used SFN in multiple clinical trials for treatment of prostate cancer, cystic fibrosis, cardiovascular disease and asthma, among many others (ClinicalTrials.gov). [19][20][21] Since FECD was recently categorized as an oxidative stress disorder, with a deficiency in the Nrf2 pathway, we aimed to determine whether SFN has a cytoprotective effect on CECs affected by FECD.…”