Induction of nuclear anomalies (micronuclei) in the peripheral blood erythrocytes of the eastern mudminnow Umbra pygmaea by ethyl methanesulphonate

Hooftman, R.N.; Raat, W.K. de

doi:10.1016/0165-7992(82)90136-1

Cited by 210 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Cyclophosphamide (15 mg kg -1 body weight) has widely been used as a positive control because of its alkylating activity. Hooftman and de Raat (1982) and Das and Nanda (1986) reported concentration and timedependent increase in MNi induction in the fish erythrocytes, an effect corroborated by the present work. The results of this study emphasise the importance of the MN assay as an early biological marker of exposure of fish to clastogenic pollutants in the aquatic environment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Evaluation of genotoxic and oxidative stress response to dimethoate in freshwater fish Channa punctatus (Bloch)

Ali

Kumar

et al. 2014

Chemical Speciation & Bioavailability

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Dimethoate is one of the organophosphate insecticides widely used in agriculture throughout the world and is an inhibitor of cholinesterase in animals. The objective of the present study was to detect oxidative stress and DNA damage induced by dimethoate in the freshwater fish Channa punctatus (C. punctatus). The LC 50 -96 h value of technical grade dimethoate was estimated at 19.10 µg L -1 in a semi-static system and, on the basis of the LC 50 value, three concentrations were determined. The fish were exposed to these concentrations of dimethoate for 96 h and samplings were done at 24 and 96 h for assessment of oxidative stress and DNA damage. After exposure to dimethoate, the level of superoxide dismutase declined while lipid peroxidation, glutathione, induction of micronucleus and DNA damage were increased in C. punctatus as the concentration and exposure time increased. Thus our results suggest that dimethoate induces genotoxic effects which invariably accompanied and correlated with oxidative stress.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Evaluation of genotoxic and oxidative stress response to dimethoate in freshwater fish Channa punctatus (Bloch)

Ali

Kumar

et al. 2014

Chemical Speciation & Bioavailability

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“…Efforts in this direction have been made: the mutagenic damage was induced under laboratory conditions by treatments with chemical and physical clastogens and then measured in different target tissues, such as erythrocytes, gills, fins and liver [9][10][11][12][13]. In the generally followed protocol, group of fish were treated by injection or water exposure, with different doses of known mutagens, then killed at one or several sampling times and tested for MN induction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micronuclei induced in erythrocytes of Cyprinus carpio (teleostei, pisces) by X-rays and colchicine

Gustavino

Scornajenghi

Minissi

et al. 2001

Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagene

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In the present work the induction of micronuclei in erythrocytes of Cyprinus carpio treated with X-rays and colchicine is studied for the evaluation of mutagenic effects of both clastogenic and mitoclastic (spindle poisoning) agents in this system.Three different experiments were performed treating groups of laboratory-reproduced animals with (1) single doses of X-rays (0.1, 0.5 and 2 Gy); (2) a single i.p. injection of colchicine at the concentrations: 1.6 × 10 −2 , 8× 10 −2 , 0.4 and 2 mg/kg b.w. so as to mimic an acute exposure to the agent and (3) six repeated i.p. injections of the first three concentrations of colchicine, over a period of 18 days, so as to mimic a chronic exposure. Repeated blood samplings were performed by cardiac puncture over a period of about 2 months after the treatment and micronucleus frequencies were determined at multiple times on the same individuals after mutagen exposure. A dose-dependent increase in the micronucleus frequency was observed in irradiated fish and a peak value detected at 21 days. Slight increases of micronucleus frequencies were also observed in both colchicine experiments only for the highest concentrations at the earliest sampling time. Higher concentrations of colchicine clearly showed a lethal effect. According to the present data the micronucleus frequency induced by the highest colchicine dose is comparable to that observed after 0.1 Gy of X-ray irradiation.

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“…According to Hoofman and Raat (1982), the micronuclei assay in fish erythrocytes may be an alternative for chromosomal aberrations and mutagenic damages that may be evaluated by several methods. Among the cytogenetic methods, the micronuclei assay in erythrocytes is a simple, reliable and sensitive technique (Klingerman, FIGURE 2 -Damage class levels of H 2 O 2 from 0 to 4 in comet assay.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo and in vitro genotoxicity studies of aqueous extract of Xanthium spinosum

Güez

Waczuk

Pereira

et al. 2012

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

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The use of plants as a source of palliative or cure for pathological conditions is quite common worldwide. Xanthium spinosum (Asteraceae), popularly known in Brazil as 'espinho de carneiro', is an annual weed from South America, which has been used by empiric medicine to treat neoplasias. Owing to the extensive use of the above-mentioned plant and to the lack of reports about the real effects of its infusion, current study evaluated the genotoxic potential of its aqueous extract at concentrations 0.02 g L -1 , 0.1 g L -1 and 0.2 g L -1 by fish micronucleus test and by comet human leukocytes assay. The micronucleus test featured at least 50 cells with micronuclei to every 2,000 cells scored, as a mutagenic parameter. The comet assay was used as a parameter for assessing the level of cell damage and the damage index. Since no significant changes in strain cells exposed to the aqueous extract in the comet and micronucleus assays were reported, it seems that no genotoxicity evidence is extant at the concentrations and in the assays performed.Uniterms: Xanthium spinosum/pharmacognosy. Xanthium spinosum/aqueous extract/genotoxicity. Fish micronucleus assay. Comet assay.Em diversos lugares do mundo a utilização de plantas como fonte paliativa ou de cura para determinadas condições patológicas é bastante comum. No Brasil, essa prática não se torna diferente devido à ampla biodiversidade da fauna e flora presentes no País. Nesse contexto, surge a Xanthium spinosum (Asteraceae), conhecida popularmente como "espinho-de-carneiro", um arbusto anual introduzido na América do Sul, o qual tem sido utilizado empiricamente no tratamento de neoplasias. Sabendo do extensivo uso dessa planta em contrapartida com nenhum estudo reportando os reais efeitos de sua infusão, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a genotoxicidade do extrato aquoso nas concentrações de 0,02 g L -1 , 0,1 g L -1 e 0,2 g L -1 , através do ensaio do micronúcleo písceo e do ensaio cometa em leucócitos de sangue humano. O ensaio do micronúcleo tem como parâmetro mutagênico a presença de no mínimo 50 células com micronúcleo em uma contagem de 2.000 células por amostra, enquanto o ensaio cometa utiliza como parâmetro o nível de dano e o índice de dano. Os resultados mostram que não foi possível observar mudanças significativas nas células expostas ao extrato aquoso, em ambos os testes, o que sugere não existir evidência de genotoxicidade nas concentrações utilizadas no ensaio.Unitermos: Xanthium spinosum/farmacognosia. Xanthium spinosum/extrato aquoso/genotoxicidade. Ensaio do micronúcleo písceo. Ensaio cometa.

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Induction of nuclear anomalies (micronuclei) in the peripheral blood erythrocytes of the eastern mudminnow Umbra pygmaea by ethyl methanesulphonate

Cited by 210 publications

References 6 publications

Evaluation of genotoxic and oxidative stress response to dimethoate in freshwater fish Channa punctatus (Bloch)

Evaluation of genotoxic and oxidative stress response to dimethoate in freshwater fish Channa punctatus (Bloch)

Micronuclei induced in erythrocytes of Cyprinus carpio (teleostei, pisces) by X-rays and colchicine

In vivo and in vitro genotoxicity studies of aqueous extract of Xanthium spinosum

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