Induction of oestrus in cats by photoperiodic manipulations and social stimuli

Michel, Chantal

doi:10.1258/002367793780745381

Cited by 38 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…In this study, the duration (days) of estrus was not investigated, but considering that the mean duration is 7 days [6,11,12,14,16], the interestrus interval is 24 days (31 days-7 days). The interval is different from values reported by Michel [10], Shille et al [14], and Wildt et al [16]. There was no relationship between the number of estrous cycles and the duration of the breeding season, suggesting that the interestrus interval differs noticeably among individual animals, but Lawler et al [7] found that individual acclimation led to spontaneous ovulation in a high proportion of cats.…”

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confidence: 72%

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Breeding Season in Female Cats Acclimated Under a Natural Photoperiod and Interval Until Puberty

et al. 2004

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ABSTRACT. The breeding season was investigated in 174 female cats that were acclimated under a natural photoperiod, and determined the interval between birth and initial estrus (puberty) was determined in 125 cats. Although the breeding season differed noticeably among individual animals, the mean was 180.4 ± 3.0 (SE) days between the end of January and the end of July. The interval between birth and first estrus ranged from 181 to 560 days, with a mean of 345.0 ± 0.9 days. With respect to month of birth, the mean interval was 343.0 ± 9.5 days in cats born between March and June. Among cats that were born between July and October, the mean intervals were 242.0 ± 6.3 days in cats that exhibited estrus the year after birth and 519.2 ± 5.8 days in those that exhibited estrus 2 years after birth. KEY WORDS: breeding season, feline, natural photoperiod.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 66(9): 1129-1132, 2004 The domestic cat is a seasonally polyestrous animal. The onset of puberty in female cats occurs at an average age of 8 to 10 months [5,11]. Ovulation and the initial release of LH are usually observed 24 to 30 hr after copulation [15]. It has been reported that the breeding season starts in December to February, and continues until September [2,6,13]. These factors may depend on the day length, that is, latitude [4].The mechanism by which the photoperiod influences the hypothalamus pituitary gland gonadal axis system via melatonin has been clarified in cats [8,9]. In cats, when the photoperiod is shortened, melatonin and PRL secretion are enhanced, reducing ovarian function [1,8,9]. Leyva et al. [9] reported that no recurrent estrus occurred after melatonin was administered to cats under 24-hr lighting. No recurrent estrus occurs under 8-hr lighting in the cat room, whereas estrus recurs under 12-hr lighting [4,8,10,13,14]. Therefore, it is recommended that the lighting cycle should be 14 hr or more for cat breeding [10,12,14]. Nevertheless, no previous study has provided detailed data on the estrus status when cats are acclimated under a natural photoperiod. In this study, we investigated the breeding season in female cats that were acclimated as a group at a constant room temperature under a natural photoperiod. We also investigated the interval required until first estrus (puberty) in female cats that were born under those conditions. Animals: We used 103 female cats ranging in age from 2 to 8 years that were acclimated via passage breeding in our laboratory between 1989 and 2002 (latitude: 35 degrees, 42 min N). In some cats, estrus was investigated for 2 to 6 years. A total of 174 cats were investigated. The cat room was located on the second floor, and measured 4.5 × 3.0 × 2.5 (height) m. The east, west, and south sides were transparent and glass-plated. The east and west glass windows measured 3.6 × 0.9 × 0.9 (height) m. The south glass window measured 1.8 × 0.9 × 0.9 (height) m. Room temperature was 23 ± 2°C. The cats were acclimated as a group. Dry food (Hill's feline maintenance, U.S.A.) and water were given ad libitum...

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“…Leyva et al [9] reported that no recurrent estrus occurred after melatonin was administered to cats under 24-hr lighting. No recurrent estrus occurs under 8-hr lighting in the cat room, whereas estrus recurs under 12-hr lighting [4,8,10,13,14]. Therefore, it is recommended that the lighting cycle should be 14 hr or more for cat breeding [10,12,14].…”

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confidence: 99%

Breeding Season in Female Cats Acclimated Under a Natural Photoperiod and Interval Until Puberty

et al. 2004

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“…Group housing, especially the introduction of a tomcat or estral queen, provides social stimuli that hasten the onset of estrus (Michel, 1993). In addition to age, factors that affect the onset of puberty include breed, time of year or photoperiod, social environment, health, physical condition, and nutritional status.…”

Section: A Reproductive Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology and Diseases of Cats

Burkholder

Ledesma-Feliciano

VandeWoude

et al. 2015

Laboratory Animal Medicine

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“…For example, Siberian hamsters and meadow voles lose fat mass and total body weight (BW) with shortened days [3,4], while Syrian hamsters, collared lemmings, prairie voles and raccoon dogs gain fat mass and total BW with SD [5-8]. Cats are sensitive to photoperiod as it relates to circulating melatonin concentrations and estrous cycling [9-11] and seasonal differences in activity levels are known to exist in feral cat populations, with increased activity during the spring/summer period [12]. Seasonal and photoperiod changes on energy intake, energy expenditure, and voluntary physical activity levels have also been recently reported in domestic cats [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of photoperiod on the feline adipose transcriptome as assessed by RNA sequencing

et al. 2014

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BackgroundPhotoperiod is known to cause physiological changes in seasonal mammals, including changes in body weight, physical activity, reproductive status, and adipose tissue gene expression in several species. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of day length on the adipose transcriptome of cats as assessed by RNA sequencing. Ten healthy adult neutered male domestic shorthair cats were used in a randomized crossover design study. During two 12-wk periods, cats were exposed to either short days (8 hr light:16 hr dark) or long days (16 hr light:8 hr dark). Cats were fed a commercial diet to maintain baseline body weight to avoid weight-related bias. Subcutaneous adipose biopsies were collected at wk 12 of each period for RNA isolation and sequencing.ResultsA total of 578 million sequences (28.9 million/sample) were generated by Illumina sequencing. A total of 170 mRNA transcripts were differentially expressed between short day- and long day-housed cats. 89 annotated transcripts were up-regulated by short days, while 24 annotated transcripts were down-regulated by short days. Another 57 un-annotated transcripts were also different between groups. Adipose tissue of short day-housed cats had greater expression of genes involved with cell growth and differentiation (e.g., myostatin; frizzled-related protein), cell development and structure (e.g., cytokeratins), and protein processing and ubiquitination (e.g., kelch-like proteins). In contrast, short day-housed cats had decreased expression of genes involved with immune function (e.g., plasminogen activator inhibitor 1; chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2; C-C motif chemokine 5; T-cell activators), and altered expression of genes associated with carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.ConclusionsCollectively, these gene expression changes suggest that short day housing may promote adipogenesis, minimize inflammation and oxidative stress, and alter nutrient metabolism in feline adipose tissue, even when fed to maintain body weight. Although this study has highlighted molecular mechanisms contributing to the seasonal metabolic changes observed in cats, future research that specifically targets and studies these biological pathways, and the physiological outcomes that are affected by them, is justified.

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Induction of oestrus in cats by photoperiodic manipulations and social stimuli

Cited by 38 publications

References 8 publications

Breeding Season in Female Cats Acclimated Under a Natural Photoperiod and Interval Until Puberty

Breeding Season in Female Cats Acclimated Under a Natural Photoperiod and Interval Until Puberty

Biology and Diseases of Cats

Effect of photoperiod on the feline adipose transcriptome as assessed by RNA sequencing

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