Induction of oxidative stress in Clarias gariepinus from Eleyele River in Nigeria

Cellular stress response, induction of micronuclei and DNA strand breaks in two common fish species of Rivers and Reservoirs in Ilorin, North Central, Nigeria.

“…The oxidative stress and antioxidants responses have been used as biomarkers to evaluate genotoxic potential of rivers in Nigeria like Ogun river,.Eleyele river and Asejiri river (Farombi et al,2007;Arojojoye and Adeosun (2016a); Arojojoye et al 2016b) but there is little information about the oxidative stress and antioxidant responses of sh in major reservoirs and rivers in Kwara state which provide drinking water and sh to the populace of Kwara state. The antioxidant defense system is usually activated when there is an imbalance in the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) level and antioxidant level in sh and this defense is quickly activated to checkmate oxidative stress that may be induced by increased level of pro-oxidants in the sh (Livingstone 2001).…”

Induction of Micronuclei, Cellular Stress Response, and DNA Strand Breakage in Two Common Fish Species From Rivers and Reservoirs in Ilorin, Nigeria.

“…Changes in water quality parameters have been linked to the activation of the antioxidant defence system in sh and other aquatic organisms living there, which may further elevate antioxidant responses in these organisms in the presence of environmental pollutants from agricultural, domestic, and industrial sources, as well as land ll leachates, resulting in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [45,46]. Although oxidative stress and antioxidant responses have been used as biomarkers to assess the genotoxic potential of rivers in Nigeria such as the Ogun, Eleyele, and Asejiri rivers [47,48,49], little is known about the oxidative stress and antioxidant responses of sh in major reservoirs and rivers in Kwara state When there is an imbalance in the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants in sh, the antioxidant defence system is triggered, and this defence is swiftly activated to checkmate oxidative stress that may be generated by elevated levels of pro-oxidants in the sh [50] (Livingstone 2001). The initial line of defense against oxidative stress is usually SOD and CAT, and their activities are easily evident as an increase in enzyme activity [51].…”

“…The initial line of defense against oxidative stress is usually SOD and CAT, and their activities are easily evident as an increase in enzyme activity [51]. Antioxidants may be reduced in cells as a result of exposure to environmental contaminants, but antioxidant levels may rise to compensate for the oxidative stress imbalance [48,49]. Increased SOD activities in Unity and Harmony rivers could be a reaction to oxidative stress produced by low oxygen levels (low DO and modest increase in Pb), which could lead to hypoxia.…”

“…GST levels were found to be lower in the blood of T. zillii from Unilorin reservoir, Asa river (Harmony), Asa river (Unity), Apodu reservoir, and Asa reservoir, and higher in Asa reservoir. The decrease can be linked to an increase in ROS production, and antioxidant levels in cells may be depleted in cells during exposure to environmental contaminants, according to [49]. The degree of DNA damage was then evaluated using two separate tests.…”