Induction of PrMADS10 on the lower side of bent pine tree stems: potential role in modifying plant cell wall properties and wood anatomy

Cruz, Nicolás; Méndez, Tamara; Ramos, Patricio; Urbina, Daniela; Vega, Andrea; Gutiérrez, Rodrigo A.; Moya-León, Marı́a Alejandra; Herrera, Raúl

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-55276-7

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 108 publications

(128 reference statements)

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“…Accumulated data from chemical imaging studies strongly indicate that H‐type lignin units are specifically enriched in the compression‐wood‐specific S 2 L layer (located in the outer S 2 , oS 2 layers), where the increased lignin depositions are most prominent, whereas the typical G‐type lignins are present across the secondary cell walls, in typical tracheids produced in compression wood (Fukushima & Terashima, 1991; Donaldson, 2001; Tokareva et al, 2007; Donaldson & Radotic, 2013; Zhang et al, 2017). Recent genetic studies have reported that some genes encoding enzymes and transcriptional factors associated with secondary cell wall formation, monolignol biosynthesis and monolignol polymerisation are upregulated in compression‐wood‐forming tissues; this is in general consistent with the increased extent of lignification in compression wood compared with normal wood (Allona et al, 1998; Whetten et al, 2001; Bedon et al, 2007; Koutaniemi et al, 2007; Yamashita et al, 2008, 2009; Ramos et al, 2012; Villalobos et al, 2012; Li et al, 2013; Sato et al, 2013, 2014; Hiraide et al, 2014, 2016; Cruz et al, 2019). However, the molecular mechanisms that control heterologous distribution of H‐type and G‐type lignin units in compression wood cell walls remain unknown.…”

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confidence: 60%

Localised laccase activity modulates distribution of lignin polymers in gymnosperm compression wood

et al. 2021

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Summary The woody stems of coniferous gymnosperms produce specialised compression wood to adjust the stem growth orientation in response to gravitropic stimulation. During this process, tracheids develop a compression‐wood‐specific S2L cell wall layer with lignins highly enriched with p‐hydroxyphenyl (H)‐type units derived from H‐type monolignol, whereas lignins produced in the cell walls of normal wood tracheids are exclusively composed of guaiacyl (G)‐type units from G‐type monolignol with a trace amount of H‐type units. We show that laccases, a class of lignin polymerisation enzymes, play a crucial role in the spatially organised polymerisation of H‐type and G‐type monolignols during compression wood formation in Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa). We performed a series of chemical‐probe‐aided imaging analysis on C. obtusa compression wood cell walls, together with gene expression, protein localisation and enzymatic assays of C. obtusa laccases. Our data indicated that CoLac1 and CoLac3 with differential oxidation activities towards H‐type and G‐type monolignols were precisely localised to distinct cell wall layers in which H‐type and G‐type lignin units were preferentially produced during the development of compression wood tracheids. We propose that, not only the spatial localisation of laccases, but also their biochemical characteristics dictate the spatial patterning of lignin polymerisation in gymnosperm compression wood.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Localised laccase activity modulates distribution of lignin polymers in gymnosperm compression wood

et al. 2021

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“…AGPs in woody tissues were detected in Pinus taeda trees of 11 and 15 years old using JIM13 antibody, showing that AGPs were abundant and specific to differentiated xylem cells and linked to a secondary wall thickening [51]. A demarcated strip corresponding to cells of differentiated xylem was observed because JIM antibodies recognize carbohydrates from AGPs epitopes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Differential Expression of Arabinogalactan in Response to Inclination in Stem of Pinus radiata Seedlings

Méndez

Stappung

Moya-León

et al. 2022

Plants

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Arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) are members of a family of proteins that play important roles in cell wall dynamics. AGPs from inclined pines were determined using JIM7, LM2, and LM6 antibodies, showing a higher concentration in one side of the stem. The accumulation of AGPs in xylem and cell wall tissues is enhanced in response to loss of tree stem verticality. The differential gene expression of AGPs indicates that these proteins could be involved in the early response to inclination and also trigger signals such as lignin accumulation, as well as thicken cell wall and lamella media to restore stem vertical growth. A subfamily member of AGPs, which is Fasciclin-like has been described in angiosperm species as inducing tension wood and in some gymnosperms. A search for gene sequences of this subfamily was performed on an RNA-seq library, where 12 sequences were identified containing one or two fasciclin I domains (FAS), named PrFLA1 to PrFLA12. Four of these sequences were phylogenetically classified in group A, where PrFLA1 and PrFLA4 are differentially expressed in tilted pine trees.

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The Characterization of a Novel PrMADS11 Transcription Factor from Pinus radiata Induced Early in Bent Pine Stem

Méndez,

Guajardo,

Cruz

et al. 2024

IJMS

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A novel MADS-box transcription factor from Pinus radiata D. Don was characterized. PrMADS11 encodes a protein of 165 amino acids for a MADS-box transcription factor belonging to group II, related to the MIKC protein structure. PrMADS11 was differentially expressed in the stems of pine trees in response to 45° inclination at early times (1 h). Arabidopsis thaliana was stably transformed with a 35S::PrMADS11 construct in an effort to identify the putative targets of PrMADS11. A massive transcriptome analysis revealed 947 differentially expressed genes: 498 genes were up-regulated, and 449 genes were down-regulated due to the over-expression of PrMADS11. The gene ontology analysis highlighted a cell wall remodeling function among the differentially expressed genes, suggesting the active participation of cell wall modification required during the response to vertical stem loss. In addition, the phenylpropanoid pathway was also indicated as a PrMADS11 target, displaying a marked increment in the expression of the genes driven to the biosynthesis of monolignols. The EMSA assays confirmed that PrMADS11 interacts with CArG-box sequences. This TF modulates the gene expression of several molecular pathways, including other TFs, as well as the genes involved in cell wall remodeling. The increment in the lignin content and the genes involved in cell wall dynamics could be an indication of the key role of PrMADS11 in the response to trunk inclination.

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Induction of PrMADS10 on the lower side of bent pine tree stems: potential role in modifying plant cell wall properties and wood anatomy

Cited by 3 publications

References 108 publications

Localised laccase activity modulates distribution of lignin polymers in gymnosperm compression wood

Localised laccase activity modulates distribution of lignin polymers in gymnosperm compression wood

Differential Expression of Arabinogalactan in Response to Inclination in Stem of Pinus radiata Seedlings

The Characterization of a Novel PrMADS11 Transcription Factor from Pinus radiata Induced Early in Bent Pine Stem

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