Induction of rat hepatic mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore opening by leaf extract of Olax subscorpioidea

Abstract

Background:The induction of the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition (MMPT) pore has been implicated in the cascade of events involved in apoptosis (programmed cell death). Olax subscorpioidea is traditionally used for the treatment of several diseases and infection. However, its role on MMPT is not yet established. This study was aimed at evaluating the effects of varying concentrations of the methanol leaf extract of O. subscorpioidea (MEOS) on MMPT pore opening, mitochondrial adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), and mitochondrial lipid peroxidation.Materials and Methods:Opening of the pore was spectrophotometrically assayed under succinate-energized conditions.Results:In the absence of triggering agent (calcium), MEOS induced MMPT pore opening by 350, 612, 827, 845% at 36, 60, 86 and 112 μg/ml, respectively. MEOS further induced MMPT pore opening in the presence of a triggering agent by 866, 905, 831, 840, 949% at 12, 36, 60, 86 and 112 μg/ml, respectively. The extract significantly induced mitochondrial membrane lipid peroxidation in all the concentration used. MEOS also significantly increased mitochondrial ATP hydrolysis by mitochondrial ATPase in all concentration of the extract used.Conclusion:It may be deduced from this results, that MEOS contains certain bioactive components that may find use in pathological conditions that require an enhanced rate of apoptosis.

Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Studies on Fruit-Skin Ethanol Extract ofAnnona muricata

“…e higher antioxidant activities of the leaves and seeds of Annona muricata has been attributed to the presence of both enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants, including catalase and superoxide dismutase as well as tocopherol and ascorbic acid as earlier brought to the fore by Baskar et al [42]. When ROS are generated in excessive concentrations due to a pathological condition, mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis can be triggered and this is hallmarked by the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition (MMPT) pore [28]. Excessive calcium ion concentration in the mitochondria due to calcium overload in the cell, have also been implicated in mitochondrial swelling.…”

“…e animals were sacri ced by cervical dislocation and the livers were excised, weighed, washed with homogenizing bu er (210 mM mannitol, 70 mM sucrose, 5 mM HEPES-KOH, pH 7.4 and 1 mM EGTA), minced, homogenized on ice in a Porter-Elvehjem glass homogenizer and centrifuged to isolate the low ionic strength mitochondria according to the method reported by Adegbite et al [28]. Mitochondrial protein was determined with bovine serum albumin as standard [29].…”

“…Swelling was measured as decrease in absorbance within the time space of 12 minutes. e temperature was maintained at 37°C and the swelling rate quanti ed at A540/min/mg [28].…”

Ethnopharmacological uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of Olax subscorpioidea Oliv (Olacaceae): a review

“…The methanol leaf extract of Olax subscorpioidea induced mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore opening [38]. The extract also significantly increased mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis and produced significant mitochondrial membrane lipid peroxidation [38].…”

Butanol Fraction of Olax Subscorpioidea Produces Antidepressant Effect: Evidence for the Involvement of Monoaminergic Neurotransmission

“…The hydro-alcoholic extract of the plant has shown antidepressant activity [14], anticonvulsant and sedative effects [15], and hypoglycaemic effect in diabetic rat [16]. Pro-apoptotic property has also been reported [17]. Preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed presence of alkaloids, steroids, glycosides, saponins, flavonoids and terpenoids .…”