Induction of the histidine decarboxylase genes ofPhotobacterium damselaesubsp.damselae(formallyP. histaminum) at low pH

Kimura, Bon; Takahashi, Hiroki; Hokimoto, Shingo; Tanaka, Yuichiro; Fujii, Takeshi

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04223.x

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Low pH values were described previously to be a factor necessary for decarboxylase cluster induction (14,21). However, in the hdcA expression analysis reported here, no significant differences in expression levels were found, thus indicating that other factors could be implicated in the induction of the hdc cluster.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 48%

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Sequencing and Transcriptional Analysis of the Streptococcus thermophilus Histamine Biosynthesis Gene Cluster: Factors That Affect Differential hdcA Expression

Calles-Enríquez

Eriksen

Andersen

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Histamine, a toxic compound that is formed by the decarboxylation of histidine through the action of microbial decarboxylases, can accumulate in fermented food products. From a total of 69 Streptococcus thermophilus strains screened, two strains, CHCC1524 and CHCC6483, showed the capacity to produce histamine. The hdc clusters of S. thermophilus CHCC1524 and CHCC6483 were sequenced, and the factors that affect histamine biosynthesis and histidine-decarboxylating gene (hdcA) expression were studied. The hdc cluster began with the hdcA gene, was followed by a transporter (hdcP), and ended with the hdcB gene, which is of unknown function. The three genes were orientated in the same direction. The genetic organization of the hdc cluster showed a unique organization among the lactic acid bacterial group and resembled those of Staphylococcus and Clostridium species, thus indicating possible acquisition through a horizontal transfer mechanism. Transcriptional analysis of the hdc cluster revealed the existence of a polycistronic mRNA covering the three genes. The histidine-decarboxylating gene (hdcA) of S. thermophilus demonstrated maximum expression during the stationary growth phase, with high expression levels correlated with high histamine levels. Limited expression was evident during the lag and exponential growth phases. Low-temperature (4°C) incubation of milk inoculated with a histamine-producing strain showed lower levels of histamine than did inoculated milk kept at 42°C. This reduction was attributed to a reduction in the activity of the HdcA enzyme itself rather than a reduction in gene expression or the presence of a lower cell number.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 48%

“…Furthermore, the positive effect on the expression of hdcA genes was also observed for histamine-producing bacteria (14,18). For a more accurate determination of the role of histidine concentration in hdcA expression, the effect of increasing concentrations was examined in this work.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequencing and Transcriptional Analysis of the Streptococcus thermophilus Histamine Biosynthesis Gene Cluster: Factors That Affect Differential hdcA Expression

Calles-Enríquez

Eriksen

Andersen

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…The hdc gene cluster has been characterized in M. morganii, P. damselae subsp. damselae, E. aerogenes, and Klebsiella oxytoca (47,48). However, the current study is the first report, to our knowledge, of sequences of the hdc gene cluster from P. kishitanii and P. angustum.…”

Section: The Genus Photobacterium Currently Contains 20 Species (39)mentioning

confidence: 55%

Photobacterium angustum and Photobacterium kishitanii, Psychrotrophic High-Level Histamine-Producing Bacteria Indigenous to Tuna

Björnsdóttir-Butler

McCarthy

Dunlap

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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bScombrotoxin fish poisoning (SFP) remains the main contributor of fish poisoning incidents in the United States, despite efforts to control its spread. Psychrotrophic histamine-producing bacteria (HPB) indigenous to scombrotoxin-forming fish may contribute to the incidence of SFP. We examined the gills, skin, and anal vents of yellowfin (n ‫؍‬ 3), skipjack (n ‫؍‬ 1), and albacore (n ‫؍‬ 6) tuna for the presence of indigenous HPB. Thirteen HPB strains were isolated from the anal vent samples from albacore (n ‫؍‬ 3) and yellowfin (n ‫؍‬ 2) tuna. Four of these isolates were identified as Photobacterium kishitanii and nine isolates as Photobacterium angustum; these isolates produced 560 to 603 and 1,582 to 2,338 ppm histamine in marine broth containing 1% histidine (25°C for 48 h), respectively. The optimum growth temperatures and salt concentrations were 26 to 27°C and 1% salt for P. kishitanii and 30 to 32°C and 2% salt for P. angustum in Luria 70% seawater (LSW-70). The optimum activity of the HDC enzyme was at 15 to 30°C for both species. At 5°C, P. kishitanii and P. angustum had growth rates of 0.1 and 0.2 h ؊1 , respectively, and the activities of histidine decarboxylase (HDC) enzymes were 71% and 63%, respectively. These results show that indigenous HPB in tuna are capable of growing at elevated and refrigeration temperatures. These findings demonstrate the need to examine the relationships between the rate of histamine production at refrigeration temperatures, seafood shelf life, and regulatory limits. S combrotoxin (histamine) fish poisoning (SFP) is the most frequent cause of fish poisoning incidents in the United States (1). SFP is caused by the ingestion of fish containing high levels of histamine produced by bacteria naturally present in or on the fish or by postprocess bacterial contamination. This self-limiting illness generally occurs within minutes to several hours after the consumption of toxic fish and lasts from 12 h to a few days (2). Symptoms may include flushing, sweating, nausea, headache, and diarrhea (3). Decomposition as a result of temperature abuse allows the growth of bacteria that are capable of producing the histidine decarboxylase (HDC) enzyme, resulting in the decarboxylation of histidine to histamine. Scombroid fish (e.g., tuna and mackerel) and nonscombroid species (e.g., mahi-mahi and bluefish) are susceptible to histamine formation because of the high histidine content in their muscle tissue (4). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has established time-temperature exposure guidelines and histamine limits to minimize the likelihood of histamine formation and prevent intoxication. Histamine levels of Ն50 ppm in fish muscle tissues are indicative of decomposition, whereas levels of Ն500 ppm indicate a human health hazard (5, 6).Several species of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria have been reported to produce histamine. The main histamineproducing bacteria (HPB) found in fish are Gram negative, whereas Gram-positive HPB are more likely found in fermented products, s...

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“…damselae is ubiquitous in the marine environment, especially at temperatures greater than 20 °C (Kimura et al . ). It is also pathogenic to mammals, including humans (Fouz et al .…”

Section: Isolation On Blood Agar Of Photobacterium Damselae From Splementioning

confidence: 97%

“…The mechanism of histamine production from P. damselae involves two enzymes: histidine decarboxylase and putative histidine/histamine antiporter (Kimura et al . ).…”

Section: Isolation On Blood Agar Of Photobacterium Damselae From Splementioning

confidence: 97%

Photobacterium damselae in bigeye scad, Selar crumenophthalmus (Bloch), from Grenada, West Indies

Herbers

Hariharan

Matthew

et al. 2013

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Induction of the histidine decarboxylase genes ofPhotobacterium damselaesubsp.damselae(formallyP. histaminum) at low pH

Cited by 22 publications

References 41 publications

Sequencing and Transcriptional Analysis of the Streptococcus thermophilus Histamine Biosynthesis Gene Cluster: Factors That Affect Differential hdcA Expression

Sequencing and Transcriptional Analysis of the Streptococcus thermophilus Histamine Biosynthesis Gene Cluster: Factors That Affect Differential hdcA Expression

Photobacterium angustum and Photobacterium kishitanii, Psychrotrophic High-Level Histamine-Producing Bacteria Indigenous to Tuna

Photobacterium damselae in bigeye scad, Selar crumenophthalmus (Bloch), from Grenada, West Indies

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