Industrial Applications of Ionizing Radiation

Drobny, Jiri George

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4557-7881-2.00006-7

Cited by 16 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…These include, in particular, radiation crosslinking of polymers. The modification of polymer properties by using radiation is an ongoing research area which is gaining increasing interest from the industry [21,22,23,24,25,26,27]. Furthermore, the surface properties of polymers are significantly affected by radiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Beta Radiation on the Quality of the Bonded Joint for Difficult to Bond Polyolefins

et al. 2019

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Bonding is increasingly being used, and it is an ever-evolving method for creating unbreakable bonds. The strength of adhesive bonds determines, to a significant extent, the possible applications of this technology and is influenced by many factors. In addition to the type of adhesive used, the characteristics of the surface layers play a significant role; therefore, significant attention is paid to their adjustment and modification. Radiation crosslinking is one of the most important methods for modifying polymer properties. Currently, the most frequently used type of radiation for polymer crosslinking is beta minus (β−) radiation, which affects not only mechanical but also surface properties, chemical and temperature resistance, and surface layer characteristics of polymers. This study investigated the effect of β− radiation on the surface layer properties of low-density polyethylene (LDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and polypropylene (PP) and the effects of surface-layer modification on the ultimate tensile strength of bonded joints. Based on the results, we concluded that β− radiation significantly changes the properties of the tested surface layers, increases the surface energy, and improves the adhesiveness of bonds. Consequently, the final strength of the LDPE, HDPE, and PP bonds increases significantly.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Beta Radiation on the Quality of the Bonded Joint for Difficult to Bond Polyolefins

et al. 2019

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“…There are some disadvantages when compared peroxide to sulfur cured systems, such as low scarce safety and worse dynamic and elastic properties of vulcanizates [ 3 ]. But, the cross-linking with peroxides can be effectively improved by the use of co-agents [ 4 , 5 , 6 ], because they are able to boost peroxide efficiency by suppressing side reactions to a large extent, like chain scission and disproportionation [ 3 , 7 ], or by the formation of co-agents bridges between polymer chains as extra cross-links [ 8 , 9 ]. Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPT), is a polyfunctional monomer that is used as co-agent [ 10 , 11 ] in order to improve the cross-linking process because is able to increase the rate state of cure and, as a consequence, to improve the physical properties of the processed material [ 8 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation Studies Realized on Natural Rubber and Plasticized Potato Starch Based Eco-Composites Obtained by Peroxide Cross-Linking

Mănăilă

Stelescu

Crăciun

2018

IJMS

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The obtaining and characterization of some environmental-friendly composites that are based on natural rubber and plasticized starch, as filler, are presented. These were obtained by peroxide cross-linking in the presence of a polyfunctional monomer used here as cross-linking co-agent, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate. The influence of plasticized starch amount on the composites physical and mechanical characteristics, gel fraction and cross-link density, water uptake, structure and morphology before and after accelerated (thermal) degradation, and natural (for one year in temperate climate) ageing, was studied. Differences of two orders of magnitude between the degradation/aging methods were registered in the case of some mechanical characteristics, by increasing the plasticized starch amount. The cross-link density, water uptake and mass loss were also significant affected by the plasticized starch amount increasing and exposing for one year to natural ageing in temperate climate. Based on the results of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and cross-link density measurements, reaction mechanisms attributed to degradation induced by accelerated and natural ageing were done. SEM micrographs have confirmed in addition that by incorporating a quantity of hydrophilic starch amount over 20 phr and by exposing the composites to natural ageing, and then degradability can be enhanced by comparing with thermal degradation.

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“…In addition to mechanical properties, chemical and thermal characteristics are also improved in the process. Radiation modification has many commercial applications, such as cross-linking polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) for wire insulation, curing rubber compounds for tires, production of cross-linked PE pipes, and heat-shrinkable polyolefine tubing [ 1 , 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of e-Beam Irradiation on the Physicochemical Properties of Poly(polyol Succinate-co-Butylene Succinate) Ester Elastomers

et al. 2020

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The purpose of this research was synthesis and electron beam modification of novel ester elastomers consisting of sugar alcohol–succinic acid block and butylene glycol–succinic acid block. Four different alditols were used in the synthesis—sorbitol, erythritol, xylitol, and glycerol. The materials were irradiated with doses of 50, 100, and 150 kGy in order to determine which dose is the most beneficial. As expected, irradiation of the materials has led to the cross-link density becoming higher and improvement of the mechanical properties. Additionally, the materials were also sterilized in the process. The great advantage of elastomers described in the paper is the fact that they do not need chemical cross-linking agents or sensitizers in order to undergo radiation modification. The following tests were performed on cross-linked poly(polyol succinate-co-butylene succinate) elastomers: quasi-static tensile test, determination of cross-link density, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMTA), wettability (water contact angle), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In order to confirm successful synthesis, prepolymers were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR and 13C NMR).

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Industrial Applications of Ionizing Radiation

Cited by 16 publications

References 37 publications

Effect of Beta Radiation on the Quality of the Bonded Joint for Difficult to Bond Polyolefins

Effect of Beta Radiation on the Quality of the Bonded Joint for Difficult to Bond Polyolefins

Degradation Studies Realized on Natural Rubber and Plasticized Potato Starch Based Eco-Composites Obtained by Peroxide Cross-Linking

Influence of e-Beam Irradiation on the Physicochemical Properties of Poly(polyol Succinate-co-Butylene Succinate) Ester Elastomers

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