Industrial Copper Intoxication in Sheep: Clinical and Pathological Findings

Elgerwi, A.; Bíreš, J.; Levkut, M.

doi:10.2754/avb199968030197

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Chronic Cu toxicity was also reported in dairy cows (Bradley, 1993). The characteristic feature of industrial Cu intoxication is that the animals are reared close to industrial plants, and ingest Cu from industrial deposits through feed or from the air together with other toxic elements (Bíreš et al, 1991;Elgerwi et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fermentation pattern of the rumen and hindgut inocula of sheep grazing in an area polluted from the non-ferrous metal industry

Váradyová¹,

Mihaliková²,

Kišidayová³

et al. 2006

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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ABSTRACT:In vitro study of the rumen fluid (RF) and hindgut content (HC) fermentation by microbiota taken from sheep grazing in an area atmospherically polluted from the non-ferrous metal industry was conducted and compared with controls from an uncontaminated area (UA). The experimental sheep were exposed to the prolonged intake of heavy metals by grazing in the contaminated area (CA) for one year. Soil and grass from that area and the rumen content of sheep were analyzed for heavy metal levels. Based on the levels of mercury (4.752 mg/kg), copper (232.9 mg/kg), cadmium (1.167 mg/kg), lead (92.509 mg/kg) and arsenic (74.59 mg/kg) the soil was categorized as profusely contaminated. Meadow hay (MH) from UA was used as a tested substrate of fermentation activity; it was incubated with buffered RF and HC inocula from CA and UA for 24 h. The gas volume in CA was significantly decreased by 50 and 36% in RF and HC, respectively. The methane production in CA was significantly decreased by 77 and 71% in RF and HC, respectively. The significantly decreased values of the fermentation parameters in CA in comparison with UA were accompanied by the reduced (P < 0.01) total concentration of rumen ciliate protozoa.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fermentation pattern of the rumen and hindgut inocula of sheep grazing in an area polluted from the non-ferrous metal industry

Váradyová¹,

Mihaliková²,

Kišidayová³

et al. 2006

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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“…In addition, errors in the formulation of rations or in the mixing of feed and the administration of feed formulated for Cu-tolerant species (especially swine and poultry feed being supplemented with Cu) can cause Cu poisoning in sheep [ 5 , 8 , 10 , 31 , 35 , 42 ]. Other sources of Cu include Cu-contaminated feedstuff, such as forage sprayed with fumigants or fungicides [ 10 , 16 , 38 ], pasture fertilised with swine manure slurry and poultry litter, which may also be ingested accidentally [ 5 , 10 , 35 , 43 ], or vegetation and soil contaminated as a result of industrial and mining activities [ 10 , 17 , 35 , 37 , 44 ]. The ingestion of Cu sulphate footbaths, water contaminated with fungicides, algaecides, molluscicides or containing Cu dissolved from pipping, and the use of ruminal boluses with Cu wires which can release Cu slowly, can be other sources of oral exposure to the element [ 5 , 8 , 15 , 16 , 38 ].…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper Poisoning, a Deadly Hazard for Sheep

Borobia

Villanueva‐Saz

Ruíz

et al. 2022

Animals

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Copper (Cu) is an essential microelement for animals. However, sheep are particularly susceptible to Cu intoxication, a deadly disease reported worldwide. The risk of developing this poisoning is higher in vulnerable breeds and in intensively managed lambs or milk sheep. Two types of Cu intoxication can occur depending on the chronic or acute exposure to Cu. In chronic Cu poisoning (CCP), the most common form, Cu is accumulated in the liver during a subclinical period. A low intake of Cu antagonists (molybdenum, sulphur, iron, or zinc) favours Cu accumulation. The sudden release of Cu into the blood causes acute haemolysis with anaemia, haemoglobinuria, jaundice and death within 1–2 days. Acute Cu poisoning is related to the accidental administration or ingestion of toxic amounts of Cu. Acute oral exposure to Cu causes severe gastroenteritis, shock and death. Collapse and death occur shortly after parenteral administration. The diagnosis is based on history, clinical, gross pathological, histological and toxicological findings. Treatment of sheep with severe clinical signs often has poor success but is very effective during the Cu accumulation phase. Different therapies, based on either chelating agents or Cu antagonists, have been used to treat and prevent CCP.

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“…Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element involved in normal reproduction (Underwood & Suttle, ), but its over‐exposure may produce some detrimental effects (Boubsil et al ., ). Long‐term intake of Cu compounds of different origins is the most common form of copper poisoning in animals (Elgerwi et al ., ). In Cu poisoning, Cu is gradually deposited in the liver without producing any significant clinical sign, until the hepatic capacity is exceed, which results in hepatocellular necrosis (Underwood & Suttle, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Zinc therapy improves deleterious effects of chronic copper administration on mice testes: histopathological evaluation

2012

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This study was set to investigate whether the adverse effects of long-term copper (Cu) consumption on testicular tissue could be prevented by zinc (Zn) administration. Forty-five mature male mice were randomly divided into one control and two treatment groups. The first treatment group received copper sulphate (Cu experimental group). The second treatment group was given combined treatment of copper sulphate and zinc sulphate (ZC experimental group). Control animals received normal saline using the same volume. Five mice from each group were sacrificed on day 14, 28 and 56 from the beginning of treatments. Left testes were removed for histopathological and histomorphometrical evaluations. Morphometrically, the diameter of seminiferous tubules and Sertoli cell nuclei, epithelial height, meiotic index and the percentage of spermatogenesis in Cu groups showed significant decrease compared to those of the control groups (P < 0.05). A partial improvement was seen in the percentage of spermatogenesis and meiotic index (P < 0.05) in ZC groups, whereas a complete recovery was observed in the rest of parameters in ZC group after 56 days compared to the control group (P > 0.05). Results showed that long-term administration of Cu leads to histological impairments of testis and zinc supplementation might offset these damaging effects.

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Industrial Copper Intoxication in Sheep: Clinical and Pathological Findings

Abstract: Elgerwi A., J. Bíre‰, M. Levkut: Industrial Copper Intoxication in Sheep: Clinical and Pathological Findings. Acta Vet. Brno 1999, 68: 197-202.

Cited by 9 publications

References 2 publications

Fermentation pattern of the rumen and hindgut inocula of sheep grazing in an area polluted from the non-ferrous metal industry

Fermentation pattern of the rumen and hindgut inocula of sheep grazing in an area polluted from the non-ferrous metal industry

Copper Poisoning, a Deadly Hazard for Sheep

Zinc therapy improves deleterious effects of chronic copper administration on mice testes: histopathological evaluation

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